Assessment of the influence of motivational factors on the formation of emigration moods of young professionals in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District
Research Article
Acknowledgments
The study was funded by the RSF, grant No. 22–68–00210. URL: https://rscf.ru/en/project/22–68–00210/.
How to Cite
Oleynik E.B., Ivashina N.V., Khramova M.N. Assessment of the influence of motivational factors on the formation of emigration moods of young professionals in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. Population. 2024. Vol. 27. No. 3. P. 17-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-3-17-30 (in Russ.).
Abstract
This article examines the factors of emigration of young specialists from the regions of the Russian Far East to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. The regions of the Russian Far East are steadily experiencing a migration outflow, losing population both in interregional exchange with other regions of the country and as a result of emigration. At the same time, in the structure of migration outflow there is a large proportion of people in working age. Of particular concern is the migration outflow abroad of young specialists — graduates of Far Eastern universities. Emigration of young professionals has a negative impact on the formation of human capital in the Far Eastern territories that are strategically important for the country, and also calls into question the implementation of ambitious infrastructure projects, for which the availability of human resources is very important. In this regard, study of emigration factors of young Far Easterners is relevant. For Far Eastern youth, the dynamically developing Asia-Pacific region is one of the most attractive for migration. Among the main attracting factors, as a rule, young people indicate the possibility of further career growth and improvement of their financial situation, obtaining additional professional competencies, and a good climate. The paper provides a classification of sources and methods for collecting data on international migration, and provides a review of the literature devoted to study of migration factors. The study is based on data from an online survey conducted in September 2023 among young specialists of the Far Eastern Federal District. The data obtained in the course of survey allowed us to evaluate regression logit models, on the basis of which we were able to identify the main factors influencing the emigration sentiments of young specialists in the Russian Far East. The likelihood of emigrating depends on gender, age, presence of children, attitude to religion and level of education of respondents. At the same time, such characteristics as marital status, specialty obtained and family well-being in our survey did not show a significant influence on the decision to emigrate. Also, based on econometric models, a portrait of a potential emigrant was built. The results obtained in the survey can be used in the future to make management decisions in order to reduce the migration outflow of young professionals to foreign countries.
Keywords:
emigration, young professionals, Asia-Pacific countries, migration factors, emigrant’s portrait, Far Eastern Federal District
References
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21. Afzali M. Molodezhnaya emigratsiya i utechka mozgov iz Irana: prichiny, tendentsii i napravleniya [Youth emigration and brain drain from Iran: Causes, trends and directions]. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. Seriya: Sotsiologicheskie nauki. [Vestnik of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod. Series: Social Sciences]. 2020. No. 3(59). P. 52–59.
22. Ryazantsev S. V. Russkoyazychnyje migranty v Yugo-Vostochnoj Azii [Russian-speaking migrants in Southeast Asia]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2017. No. 8(401). P. 66–72. DOI: 10.7868/S0132162517080074 (in Russ.)
23. Ryazantsev S. V., Kusnetsov N. G., Lukyanets A. S., Khramova M. N. Faktory, formy i tendentsii emigratsii rossijskikh grazhdan v strany Yugo-Vostochnoj Azii [Factors, forms and trends of Russian citizens’ emigration in the countries of South-East Asia]. Segodnya i zavtra rossijskoj ekonomiki [Today and Tomorrow of the Russian Economy]. 2016. No. 79–80. P. 5–10. (in Russ.)
24. Menard S. W. Logistic Regression: From Introductory to Advanced Concepts and Applications. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data. 2010. 377 p.
25. Hilbe J. M. Practical Guide to Logistic Regression. Chapman & Hall/CRC. 2015. 174 p.
2. Statistika migratsii naselenija [Population Migration Statistics]. Ed. A. G. Volkov. Moscow. Statistika [Statistics]. 1973. 359 p. (in Russ.)
3. Perevedentsev V. I. Metody izuchenija migratsii naselenija [Methods for Studying Population Migration]. Moscow. Nauka [Science]. 1975. 232 p. (in Russ.)
4. Shmidt Yu. D., Ivashina N. V. Otsenka migratsionnoj privlekatel’nosti territorii dlja molodezhi [Assessing the migration attractiveness of the territory for young people]. Ekonomicheskij analiz: teoriya i praktika [Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice]. 2021. Vol. 20. No. 1(508). P. 58–80. DOI: 10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-3-13 (in Russ.)
5. Ivashina N. V., Oleynik E. B. Otsenka velichiny migratsionnykh potokov v Dal’nevostochnom regione na osnove srednesrochnogo prognozirovaniya [Estimation of migration flows in the Far Eastern region based on medium-term forecasting]. Ekonomicheskije nauki [Economic Sciences]. 2021. No. 12(205). P. 276–280. DOI: 10.14451/1.205.276 (in Russ)
6. Oleynik E. B., Ivashina N. V., Khramova M. N. Emigratsiya iz Rossii v strany Yugo-Vostochnoy Asii: Situatsionnyi analiz [Migration from Russia to South-East Asia: a situation analysis]. Ekonomicheskije nauki [Economical Sciences]. 2022. No. 11(216). P. 319–329. DOI: 10.14451/1.216.640 (in Russ.)
7. Rybakovsky L. L. Faktory i prichiny migratsii naseleniya, mekhanizm ikh vzaimosvyazi [Factors and causes of migration, mechanism of their relationship]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2017. No. 2. P. 51–61. (in Russ.)
8. Migratsiya naseleniya: teoriya i politika. Ucheb. Posobie [Population Migration: Theory and Policy. Textbook]. Eds. O. D. Vorobyova, A. V. Topilin. Moscow. [Economic Education]. 2012. 364 p. (in Russ)
9. Wolpert J. Behavioral aspect of the decision to migrate. Papers of the Regional Science Association. 1965. Vol. 15. P. 159–169. DOI: 10.1007/BF01947871
10. Iontsev V. A. Mezhdunarodnaya migratsiya naseleniya: teoriya i istoriya izucheniya. Vypusk 3. [International Migration of Population: Theory and History of Studying. Iss. 3]. Moscow. Dialog-MSU [Dialogue-Moscow State University]. 1999. 370 p. (in Russ)
11. Lee E. S. A theory of migration. Demography. 1966. Vol. 3. No. 1. P. 47–57. DOI: 10.2307/2060063
12. Yomkondo E., Nils M. What is the trigger of migration trends in Asia Pacific region? Proceedings of Airlangga Conference on International Relations (ACIR 2018) Politics, Economy and Security Changing Indo-Pacific Region. 2022. P. 211–218.
13. Schultz T. W. Investing in People. The Economics of Population Quality. Los Angeles, CA. University of California Press. 1981. DOI: 10.1525/9780520318540
14. Ryazantsev S. V. Emigratsiya iz Rossii. Russkaya diaspora ili russkoyazychnyje soobshchestva? [Russian diaspora abroad or Russian-speaking communities?]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2016. No. 12. P. 84–94. (in Russ.).
15. Roshchin Yu. V. Migratsiya naseleniya v sud’be Rossii [Migration of the Population in the Destiny of Russia]. Moscow. Avangard [Avant-garde]. 2008. 288 p. (in Russ.).
16. Aleshkovski I., Gasparishvili A., Grebenyuk A. The changing landscape of Russia’s emigration from 1990 to 2020: trends and determinants. Journal of Globalization Studies. 2023. Vol. 14. No.1. P. 42–65.
17. Ryazantsev S. V., Khramova M. N. Faktory emigration iz Rossii v postsovetskiy period: regional’nyje osobennosti [Factors of emigration from Russia: regional features]. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of Regions]. 2018. Vol. 14. № 4. P. 1298–1311. DOI: 10.17059/2018-4-19 (in Russ.)
18. Lipatova L. N. Mezhdunarodnaya migratsiya v Rossii: osnovnyje napravleniya i vozmozhnyje posledstviya [International migration in Russia: key directions and possible effects]. Natsionalnaya bezopasnost’ i strategicheskoye planirovaniye [National Security and Strategic Planning]. 2020. No.2(30). P. 58–62. DOI: 10.37468/2307-1400-2020-2-58-62 (in Russ.)
19. Belov F. D. Uchebnaya migratsiya: faktory, vliyayushchije na privlechenije inostrannykh i vozvrat rossiiskikh molodykh uchenykh [Educational migration: Factors influencing the attraction of foreign young scientists and return of Russian young scientists]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya Ekonomika. [RUDN Journal of Economics]. 2020. Vol. 28. No.1. P. 184–195. DOI: 10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-1-184-195 (in Russ.)
20. Ryazantsev S. V., Wu Qunlan. Emigratisiya iz Rossii v Kitay: trendy, formy, formirovaniye russkogovoryashchikh soobshchestv [Emigration from Russia to China: trends, forms, formation of Russian-speaking communities]. Nauchnoye obozreniye: Seriya Ekonomika i parvo [Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law]. 2016. No. 6. P. 15–24. (in Russ.)
21. Afzali M. Molodezhnaya emigratsiya i utechka mozgov iz Irana: prichiny, tendentsii i napravleniya [Youth emigration and brain drain from Iran: Causes, trends and directions]. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. Seriya: Sotsiologicheskie nauki. [Vestnik of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod. Series: Social Sciences]. 2020. No. 3(59). P. 52–59.
22. Ryazantsev S. V. Russkoyazychnyje migranty v Yugo-Vostochnoj Azii [Russian-speaking migrants in Southeast Asia]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2017. No. 8(401). P. 66–72. DOI: 10.7868/S0132162517080074 (in Russ.)
23. Ryazantsev S. V., Kusnetsov N. G., Lukyanets A. S., Khramova M. N. Faktory, formy i tendentsii emigratsii rossijskikh grazhdan v strany Yugo-Vostochnoj Azii [Factors, forms and trends of Russian citizens’ emigration in the countries of South-East Asia]. Segodnya i zavtra rossijskoj ekonomiki [Today and Tomorrow of the Russian Economy]. 2016. No. 79–80. P. 5–10. (in Russ.)
24. Menard S. W. Logistic Regression: From Introductory to Advanced Concepts and Applications. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data. 2010. 377 p.
25. Hilbe J. M. Practical Guide to Logistic Regression. Chapman & Hall/CRC. 2015. 174 p.
Article
Received: 14.12.2023
Accepted: 18.09.2024
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Oleynik, E. B., Ivashina, N. V., & Khramova, M. N. (2024). Assessment of the influence of motivational factors on the formation of emigration moods of young professionals in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. Population, 27(3), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-3-17-30
Section
DEMOGRAPHY: THEORY AND PRACTICE ISSUES
