Эмиграционные процессы из России: направления, масштабы, этническая структура

doi:10.19181/1561-7785-2019-00003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/1561-7785-2019-00003

Leonid L. Rybakovsky Institute of Socio-Political Research, RAS; Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS 1284781@mail.ru
Elibrary Author_id 71691
Natalia I. Kozhevnikova Institute of Socio-Political Research RAS; Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS dema1@mail.ru
Elibrary Author_id 111195

How to Cite

Rybakovsky L.L., Kozhevnikova N.I. Еmigration processes from Russia: directions, scale, ethnic structure. Population. 2019. Vol. 22. No. 1. P. 40-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/1561-7785-2019-00003 (in Russ.).

Abstract

After the collapse of the Soviet Union the structure of migration processes in Russia radically changed, a significant part of the internal migrations transformed into international ones. Although the scale of internal migrations noticeably decreased, still they continued to exceed international by several times. Along with the re-emigration of Russians and the immigration of people of other nationalities to Russia from the countries of the new abroad, which assumed a mass character, the international emigration from Russia to the countries of the old abroad increased significantly. This international migration flow has become permanent in the post-Soviet period. Analysis of statistical data made it possible to conclude that the scale of international migration, that substantially increased in the 1990s, in the zero years of the 21st century declined markedly. This applies both to immigration flows to Russia from the countries of the new abroad and to emigration flows from Russia to the countries of the old abroad. Despite the significant reduction in emigration from Russia in the twenty-first century, the main recipient countries for emigrants, as they were originally, are still Germany, Israel and the United States. The latter is due to the ethnic component. The article shows the extent to which international migrations damage Russia and improve labor (first of all, scientific and technical) and demographic potential of a number of recipient countries. It is emphasized that the solution of these problems is beyond the scope of state migration policy.

Keywords:

recipient countries, donor countries, emigration, immigration, old abroad countries, new abroad countries, ethnic component

Author Biographies

Leonid L. Rybakovsky, Institute of Socio-Political Research, RAS; Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS

Professor, Chief Researcher, Institute of Socio-Political Research, RAS, Moscow, Russia; Chief Researcher, Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS

Natalia I. Kozhevnikova, Institute of Socio-Political Research RAS; Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS

Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Leading Researcher, Institute of Socio-Political Research RAS; Leading Researcher, Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population RAS

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