Rural life of Russian women
Research Article
How to Cite
Shabunova A.A., Leonidova G.V. Rural life of Russian women. Population. 2020. Vol. 23. No. 2. P. 14-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.2.2 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The relevance of the study of the living conditions of rural women is related to the actual demographic situation in the Russian hinterland. In rural areas of the Russian Federation there is a stable decline in the population due, first of all, to natural population decrease, as well as migration outflow connected with low standards and quality of life, unattractiveness of labor in rural areas, and social infrastructure. Rural women as a socio-demographic group with typical socio-psychological, ideological, moral and ethno-cultural characteristics, similar spiritual values, social experience and lifestyles, being a more numerous part of the population of rural territories, act as a kind of bulwark for preservation of the village, its culture, traditions and rural economy as a whole. A quarter of all Russian women live in rural areas. Distribution of the country’s population by gender and age groups as of January 1, 2019 shows that women predominate in the rural population (52%). And the group of women over working age is twice as large as that of men (6775 thousand against 3230 thousand). In other words, Russian village has actually a female face. In this regard, the study of rural women’s issues is very important and timely. The article shows the role of women in the social development of the village, provides excerpts from interviews of rural female activists, their reasoning about how they live despite the difficulties that surround them. It highlights demographic trends in rural areas, assesses the quality of the labor potential of rural residents in comparison with urban residents, and shows a higher level of self-realization in labor activity among women than among men.
Keywords:
rural territories, rural women, employment, quality of working life, social well-being, Vologda oblast
References
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2. Mezhdu domom … i domom. Vozvratnaya prostranstvennaya mobil’nost’ naseleniya Rossii. [Between Home … and Home. Return Spatial Migration of Russian Population]. Eds. T. G. Nefedova, K. V. Averkieva, A. G. Makhrova. Moscow. Novyj hronograf [New Chronograph]. 2016. 504 p. (in Russ)
3. Staroverova G. S., Medvedev A. Yu. Sel’skaya territoriya kak sreda obitaniya i sfera zhiznedeyatel’nosti cheloveka [Rural territory as a habitat and sphere of human activity]. Problemy razvitiya territorii [Problems of Territory’s Development]. 2014. No. 5(73). P. 112–122 (in Russ).
4. Shabunova A. A. Problemy i vozmozhnosti demografii vologodskogo sela [Demographic challenges and opportunities of the Vologda village]. Oblastnoj sel’skij skhod «Zhenshchiny Vologodchiny — za vozrozhdenie sela». [Regional rural meeting “Women of the Vologda Land for Revival of the Village”]. Vologda. VIRO [Vologda Institute of Education Development]. 2019. 56 p. (in Russ)
5. International Business report by Grant Thornton: v Rossii bol’she vsego zhenshchin-rukovoditelej [International Business report by Grant Thornton: Russia has the largest number of women managers]. Available at: https://www.forbes.ru/forbes-woman-photogallery/zhenshchiny-v-biznese/275281–8-novykh-issledovanii-o-zhenshchinakh-v-bizne?photo=7 (Accessed: 20 March 2020) (in Russ)
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7. Shabunova A. A., Popov A. V., Solovieva T. S. Potentsial zhenshchin na rynke truda regiona [Potential of women in the labor market of the region]. Ekonomicheskiye i social’nyje peremeny: fakty, tendencii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2017. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 124–144. (in Russ)
8. Prava zhenshchin i instituty gendernogo ravenstva v regionah Rossii [Women’s Rights and Gender Equality Institutions in Russian Regions]. Eds. N. M. Rimashevskaya, O. A. Voronina, E. A. Ballaeva. Moscow. MAKS Press. 2010. 424 p. (in Russ)
9. Leonidova G. V., Rossoshanskaya E. A., Popov A. V. Monitoring kachestva trudovogo potentsiala: 20 let regional’nyh issledovanij [Monitoring the Quality of Labor Potential: 20 Years of Regional Research]. Ed. A. A. Shabunova. Vologda. Vologodskiy nauchnyy tsentr RAN [Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2018. 192 p. (in Russ)
10. Feklichev S. A. Gryazovetskij rajon — «yuzhnyje vorota» Vologodchiny [Gryazovets district — «the southern gate» of the Vologda region]. Oblastnoj sel’skij skhod «Zhenshchiny Vologodchiny — za vozrozhdenie sela». [Regional rural meeting “Women of the Vologda Land for Revival of the Village”]. Vologda. VIRO [Vologda Institute of Education Development]. 2019. 56 p. (in Russ).
11. Semenkova V. M. Rol’ starosty na sele [The role of the village head]. Oblastnoj sel’skij skhod «Zhenshchiny Vologodchiny — za vozrozhdenie sela». [Regional rural meeting “Women of the Vologda Land for revival of the Village]. Vologda. VIRO [Vologda Institute of Education Development]. 2019. 56 p. (in Russ)
12. Chekmareva E. A. Kachestvo trudovogo potentsiala za predelami krupnyh gorodov [Quality of labor potential outside large cities]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2018. Vol. 11. № 1. P. 164–179. DOI: 10.15838/ esc.2018.1.55.11 (in Russ)
13. Zubarevich N. V., Safronov S. G. Neravenstvo sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya regionov i gorodov Rossii v 2000-e gody: rost ili snizheniye? [Inequality in the socio-economic development of Russian regions and cities in the 2000s: growth or decline?]. Obshchestvennyje nauki i sovremennost’. [Social Sciences and Contemporary World]. 2013. No. 6. P. 15–26. (in Russ)
14. Muskat B., Reitsamer B. Quality of work life and Generation Y: How gender and organizational type moderate job satisfaction. Personnel Review. 2019. No. 49(1). P. 265–283. DOI: 10.1108/PR-11–2018–0448
15. Westover J. H. The job satisfaction-gender paradox revisited: A cross-national look at gender differences in job satisfaction, 1989-2005. Journal of Global Responsibility. 2012. Vol. 3. No. 2. P. 263–277.
16. Belekhova G. V. Udovletvorennost’ komponentami trudovoj zhizni v razreze sotsial’no- demograficheskih harakteristik [Satisfaction with components of labor life in the context of socio- demographic characteristics]. Sotsial’no-gumanitarnyje tekhnologii [Social and Humanitarian Technologies]. 2019. No. 3(11). P. 9–16. (in Russ)
17. Dvadtsat’ pyat’ let sotsial’nyh transformacij v otsenkah i suzhdeniyah rossiyan: opyt sotsiologicheskogo analiza [Twenty Five Years of Russian Transformations in the Assessments and Judgments of Russians: Experience of Sociological Analysis]. Eds. M. K. Gorshkov, V. V. Petuhov. Moscow. Ves’ Mir. [Whole World]. 2018. 384 p. (in Russ)
18. Zykova V. D. Tarnogskij maslozavod — vizitnaya kartochka Tarnogskogo rajona [Tarnog creamery — a business card of the Tarnog district]. Oblastnoj sel’skij skhod «Zhenshchiny Vologodchiny — za vozrozhdenie sela». [Regional rural meeting “Women of the Vologda Land for Revival of the Village]. Vologda. Vologda Institute of Education Development. 2019. 56 p. (in Russ)
19. Nefedova T. G. Desyat’ aktual’nyh voprosov o sel’skoj Rossii. Otvety geografa [Ten Topical Questions about Rural Russia. Geographer’s Answers]. Moscow. Editorial group URSS. 2013. 456 p. (in Russ)
20. Nefedova T. G. Migracionnaya podvizhnost’ naseleniya i othodnichestvo v sovremennoj Rossii [Migration mobility of population and season work in modern Russia]. Izvestiya Rossijskoj akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya [News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series Geography]. 2015. No. 3. P. 41–56. DOI: 10.15356/0373–2444–2015–3–41–56 (in Russ)
21. Belova E. P. Aktivnost’ sel’skih truzhenic i razvitie sela: rol’ rajonnogo soveta zhenshchin [Rural female workers’ activity and rural development: the role of the district Council of women]. Oblastnoj sel’skij skhod «Zhenshchiny Vologodchiny — za vozrozhdenie sela». [Regional rural meeting “Women of the Vologda Land for Revival of the Village]. Vologda. VIRO [Vologda Institute of Education Development]. 2019. 56 p. (in Russ)
22. Averkieva K. V. Vostok Vologodskoj oblasti kak sotsial’no-ekonomicheskaya i kul’turnaya anomaliya [The East of Vologda oblast as a socio-economic and cultural anomaly]. Problemy razvitiya territorii [Problems of Territory’s Development]. 2018. No. 6(98). P. 131–148. DOI: 10.15838/ptd.2018.6.98.9 (in Russ)
Article
Received: 25.03.2020
Accepted: 07.06.2020
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Shabunova, A. A., & Leonidova, G. V. (2020). Rural life of Russian women. Population, 23(2), 14-25. https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.2.2
Section
QUALITY, STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS OF POPULATION LIFE