Rural and urban youth: do the socio-cultural gaps remain?
Research Article
How to Cite
Shabunova A.A., Kalachikova O.N., Gruzdeva M.A. Rural and urban youth: do the socio-cultural gaps remain?. Population. 2022. Vol. 25. No. 2. P. 39-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.2.4 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The purpose of this work is search for arguments for the validity of the hypothesis about leveling in the youth environment of the socio-cultural gaps traditional for urban and rural areas, realized in the family and social spheres of life. The work focuses on young people's ideas about territorial identity, cultural and leisure practices and forms of civic engagement, and the desirable form of partnership (marriage) relations. The information base of the study was survey data of young people aged 18-35 living in urban and rural areas of Vologda oblast. Youth is a socio-demographic group that forms the basis of the human potential of population. Globalization, digitalization, virtualization, large-scale projects for development of social infrastructure, road repairs and at the same time space compression (urbanization) significantly affect the worldview and lifestyle of young people. In addition, due to the successful experience of distance learning and employment formats, the impetus for the development of which was the COVID-19 pandemic, a hypothesis has arose about the convergence of the socio-cultural characteristics of urban and rural youth. In view of the consistently representative proportion of rural youth (a quarter of the group), the continuing centripetal nature of migration, and the importance of understanding the differences between urban and rural spaces, the study seems to be relevant for both theory and practice of youth policy. On the basis of sociological survey data, it was revealed that the urban and rural youth have similar views on family and marriage. Young people are focused on having few children and are tolerant of cohabitation. However, rural youth are more "family-oriented", when conditions are created, they are more ready for having many children and labile for support measures. Urban residents have a more pronounced territorial identity, although collectivism is more often manifested by rural residents. Further development of digitalization, new remote forms of education and employment, provision of public and other services, will facilitate holding back young people in rural areas, stimulate reurbanization (most likely, in suburbanization formats), thus reducing the socio-cultural gap between the city and the village.
Keywords:
youth, rural youth, socio-cultural characteristics, reproductive behavior of youth, civic activity of youth, territorial identity of youth, cultural and leisure practices
References
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2. Shabunova A. A. Kachestvo novogo pokolenija [Next generation quality] Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2012. No. 3(57). P. 83-90. (in Russ.)
3. Rimashevskaya N. M., Breeva E. B., Shabunova A. A., Barsukova R. T. Monitoring podrastajushchego pokolenija: tendentsii i osobennosti razvitija [Monitoring the rising generation: trends and features of development]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2007. No. 1(35). P. 18-31. (in Russ.)
4. Rimashevskaya N. M., Breeva E. B., Shabunova A. A. Zdorov'je detej: tendentsii i perspektivy [Children's Health: Trends and Prospects]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2008. No. 3(41). P. 4-16. (in Russ.)
5. Molodezh' sovremennoj Rossii — kljuchevoj resurs modernizatsii [The Youth of Modern Russia as a Key Resource for Modernization]. Ed. A. A. Shabunova. Institut sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitija territorij RAN. [Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Vologda. 2013. 151 p. (in Russ.)
6. Shabunova A. A., Korolenko A. V., Natsun L. N., Razvarina I. N. Sohranenije zdorov'ja detej: poisk putej reshenija aktual'nyh problem [Preserving the health of children: finding ways to solve urgent problems]. Ekonomicheskije i sotsial'nyje peremeny: ffakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2021. No. 2. P. 125-144. DOI: 10.15838/esc.2021.2.74.8. (in Russ.)
7. Korolenko A. V., Gordievskaya A. N. Chelovecheskij potentsial detskogo naselenija: ponimanije i otsenka [Human potential of the child population: Understanding and assessing]. Sotsial'noje prostranstvo [6]. 2018. No. 5(17). DOI: 10.15838/sa.2018.5.17.3. (in Russ.)
8. Rimashevskaya N. M., Breeva E. B. «Pole» detstva [The"field" of childhood]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2011. No. 4. P. 17-26. (in Russ.)
9. Rimashevskaya N. M. Deti i molodezh' novoj Rossii [Children and youth of new Russia]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2012. No. 3 (57). P. 78-83. (in Russ.)
10. Gudkov L. D., Dubin B. V., Zorskaya N. A. Molodezh' Rossii [The Youth of Russia]. Moskovskaja shkola politicheskih issledovanij [Moscow School of Political Studies]. Moscow. 2011. 96 p. (in Russ.)
11. Gorshkov M. K., Sheregi F. E. Molodezh' Rossii: sotsiologicheskij portert [The Youth of Russia: a Sociological Portrait]: Second ed. Institut sotsiologii RAN [Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences] Moscow. 2010. 592 p. (in Russ.)
12. Gorshkov M. K. Sheregi. F. E. Molodezh' Rossii v zerkale sotsiologii: k itogam mnogoletnih issledovanij [The Youth of Russia in the Mirror of Sociology: the Results of Many Years of Research]. FNISTs RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Moscow. 2020. 688 p. (in Russ.)
13. Mukhametzyanova L. K., Khizbullina R. R. Migratsija sel'skoj molodezhi v sovremennyh uslovijah [Migration of rural youth in modern conditions]. Sotsiologija [Sociology]. 2018. No. 4. P. 102-105. (in Russ.)
14. Pavlov B. S. K voprosu o sotsial'no-poselencheskoj assimiljatsii sel'skoj molodezhi v ural'skih gorodah [On the issue of social and settlement assimilation of rural youth in Ural cities]. Sotsiologija goroda [Sociology of City]. 2014. No. 4. P. 15-26. (in Russ.)
15. Kalachikova, O. N. Rozhdaemost' i demograficheskije ustanovki molodjozhi [Fertility and demographic attitudes of youth]. Problemy razvitija territorii [Problems of Territory's Development]. 2013. No. 2(64). P. 64-74. (in Russ.)
16. Farakhutdinov Sh. F. Udovletvorennost' zhizn'ju sel'skoj molodezhi v Zapadno-Sibirskom regione Rossii [Life satisfaction among Russian young people in rural areas of the West Siberia]. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mnenija: Ekonomicheskije i sotsial'nyje peremeny. [Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes]. 2017. No. 5. P. 233-250. (in Russ.)
17. Starkova E. V. Vlijanije pola i predshestvujushhej sotsial'noj sredy (gorod/selo) na predstavlenija studencheskoj molodezhi o zhiznennyh tseljah [Influence of gender and previous social environment (urban/rural) on students' ideas about the purpose of life]. Vestnik Adygejskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 3: Pedagogika i psihologija [The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series3: Pedagogy and Psychology]. 2011. No. 2. P. 200-206. (in Russ.)
18. Akulich M. M., Pit' V. V. Zhiznennyje strategii sovremennoj molodezhi [Life strategies of modern youth]. Vestnik Tjumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tyumen State University Herald]. 2011. No. 8. P. 34-43. (in Russ.)
19. Zubok Yu. A., Chuprov V. I. Kul'tura v zhizni molodjozhi: potrebnost', interes, tsennost' [Culture in the life of young people: need, interest, value]. Vestnik Instituta sotsiologii [Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology]. 2018. Vol. 9. No. 4(27). P. 170-191. (in Russ.)
20. Sukhova E. A. Potentsial i realizatsija social'noj aktivnosti gorodskoj i sel'skoj molodezhi Jamalo-Neneckogo avtonomnogo okruga [Potential and implementation of social activity of urban and rural youth of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug]. Upravlenie ustojchivym razvitijem [Sustainable Development Management]. 2021. No. 3(34). P. 68-73. (in Russ.)
21. Cherednichenko G. A. Sistema obrazovanija i puti molodezhi [Education system and youth paths]. Rossija reformirujushchajasja [Russia Reforming]. 2017. No. 15. P. 175-198. (in Russ.)
22. Ivanova O. A., Sergienko A. M. Obrazovanije i zanjatost' kak faktory migratsii sel'skoj molodezhi Altajskogo kraja: chto izmenilos' s nachala 2000-h? [Education and employment as factors in the migration of rural youth in Altai Krai: what has changed since the early 2000s?]. Altajskij vestnik gosudarstvennoj i munitsipal'noj sluzhby [Altai Herald of the State and Municipal Service]. 2016. No. 14. P. 28-34. (in Russ.)
23. Gruzdeva M. A., Kalachikova O. N. Sotsiokul'turnyje harakteristiki naselenija regionov Severo-Zapadnogo federal'nogo okruga: obshcheje i osobennoje [Socio-cultural characteristics of the population of the North West Federal District regions: General and special]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Sotsiologija. Politologija. Mezhdunarodnyje otnoshenija [Bulletin of Udmurt University: Sociology. Political Sciences. International Relations]. 2019. Vol. 3. No. 3. P. 306-316. (in Russ.)
24. Shadrikov A. V. Selo kak prostranstvo identifikatsii molodezhi [The village as a space for youth identification]. Diskussija [Discussion]. 2017. No. 4. P. 80-86. (in Russ.)
25. Lastochkina O. S. Osobennosti sotsial'no-kul'turnoj infrastruktury v sovremennoj Rossii [Features of socio-cultural infrastructure in modern Russia]. Razvitije territorij [Territory Development]. 2021. No. 4(26). P. 20-31. (in Russ.)
26. Yakovleva T. N., Leonova O. V. Osobennosti dosuga sovremennoj sel'skoj molodezhi [Features of leisure of modern rural youth]. Vestnik Adygejskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 1: Regionovedenije: filosofija, istorija, sotsiologija, jurisprudentsija, politologija, kul'turologija [The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series 1. Region Studies: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Political Sciences and Culturology]. 2020. No. 4. P. 208-214. (in Russ.)
27. Kalachikova O. N. Nekotoryje aspekty reproduktivnogo povedenija studencheskoj molodezhi [Some aspects of the reproductive behavior of students]. Vyssheje obrazovanije v Rossii [Higher Education in Russia]. 2012. No. 3. P. 132-136. (in Russ.)
28. Ukhanova Yu. V., Kosygina K. E. Grazhdanskoje uchastije rossijskoj molodezhi (itogi sotsiologicheskogo issledovanija) [Civic participation of Russian youth (Results of a sociological study)]. Problemy sotsial'nogo neravenstva i sotsial'noj adaptatsii: materialy 1 Letnej molodezhnoj shkoly sotsial'nyh nauk akademika RAN M. K. Gorshkova, g. Vologda, 23-25 ijunja 2021 g. [Problems of Social Inequality and Social Adaptation. Proceedings of the First Summer Youth School of Social Sciences headed by RAS Academician M. K. Gorshkov. (Vologda, June 23-25 2021)]. VolNC RAN [Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Vologda. 2021. P. 82-90. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 17.02.2022
Accepted: 08.06.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Shabunova, A. A., Kalachikova, O. N., & Gruzdeva, M. A. (2022). Rural and urban youth: do the socio-cultural gaps remain?. Population, 25(2), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.2.4
Section
QUALITY, STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS OF LIFE
