Features of population settlement in Orenburg oblast in the Ural River basin
Research Article
Acknowledgments
The article was prepared within the framework of the research project «Problems of steppe environmental management in the conditions of modern challenges: optimization of the interaction of natural and socio-economic systems» No. AAAA-A21-121011190016-1.
How to Cite
Chibilyov A.A., Meleshkin D.S., Grigorevsky D.V., Chibilyov A.A. Features of population settlement in Orenburg oblast in the Ural River basin. Population. 2022. Vol. 25. No. 3. P. 46-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.3.4 (in Russ.).
Abstract
One of the most topical problems of economic and geographical study of the regions of the Steppe belt in Russia is the development of a network of rural settlements. The territory of the Ural River basin within Orenburg oblast, where more than 75% of the region's population lives, was chosen by the authors as a model to assess the transformation of the population settlement system in the Steppe zone in recent decades. The paper gives municipal and territorial characteristics of the region, identifies specifics of the current system of population settlement, and classifies rural localities depending on the population and spatial distribution over the studied territory. The main areas of population concentration along transport, communication and landscape axes are identified and considered. About 20% of settlements are concentrated along 5 major highways; more than 30% of localities are confined to the valleys of 7 major rivers. Engel and Goltz coefficients, population concentration indices are calculated for municipalities, and indicators of the potential of the settlement field are identified for their centers. A cartographic diagram reflecting the spatial distribution of rural localities, the dynamics of rural population density and the level of transport development of municipalities, is constructed. In the territory under consideration, there has been a decrease in the density of the rural population by 4% for the past 10 years. The following large rural localities have the maximal potential of the fields of settlement: Saraktash, Akbulak, Novoorsk, Ilek, Sakmara, Oktyabrskoye and Tyulgan. Along with the compression of space and its polarization, the population continues to decline in urbanized areas too. The population decreased by almost 60 thousand inhabitants in seven cities. Conclusions and proposals on the sustainable development of the settlement network in close cooperation between the development of the supporting and natural-ecological frameworks are formulated.
Keywords:
population, settlement, rural localities, the Ural River basin, Orenburg oblast
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2. Pivovarov Yu. L. Szhatiye intensivno ispol'zuemogo prostranstva: kontseptsiya makoregional'nogo razvitiya Rossii [Compression of intensively used space: the concept of macro-regional development of Russia]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya geograficheskaya [News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series: Geography]. 1997. No. 5. P. 114-124. (in Russ.)
3. Mironenko N. S., Sorokin M. Yu. Faktory szhatiya geograficheskogo prostranstva [Factors of compression of geographical space]. Geografiya [Geography]. 2001. No. 48. P. 3-6. (in Russ.)
4. Nefedova T. G. Polyarizatsiya prostranstva Rossii: arealy rosta i "chernye dyry" [Polarization of the Russian space: growth areas and "black holes"]. Ekonomicheskaya nauka sovremennoy Rossii [Economics of Contemporary Russia]. 2009. No. 1(44). P. 62-77. (in Russ.)
5. Rodoman B. B. Polyarizovannaya biosfera [Polarized Biosphere]. Smolensk. 2002. 336 p. ISBN 5-93520-019-8. (in Russ.)
6. Sivokhip Zh. T. Geodemograficheskiy analiz territorial'nykh sistem rasseleniya v basseine reki Ural v kontekste gidroekologicheskoy bezopasnosti [Geodemographic analysis of territorial settlement systems in the Ural River basin in the context of hydroecological safety]. Byulleten' Orenburgskogo nauchnogo tsentra UrO RAN [Bulletin of the Orenburg Scientific Center of the Ural Branch RAS]. 2016. No. 4. P. 1-11. (in Russ.)
7. Padalko Yu. A. Analiz spetsifiki rasseleniya naseleniya na stepnykh vodosborakh r. Ural [Analysis of the specifics of population settlement in the steppe catchments of the Ural River]. Voprosy stepevedeniya [Steppe Science]. 2019. No. 5. P. 250-252. DOI: 10.2441/9999-006A-2019-11562 (in Russ.)
8. Valyaev I. A., Voznesenskaya A. G. Prostranstvennyy analiz polyarizatsii sistemy sel'skikh naselennykh punktov nechernozemnoy zony Rossii [Some approaches to the study of rural settlement network]. Regional'nyye issledovaniya [Regional Studies]. 2016. No. 1(51). P. 88-95. (in Russ.)
9. Nefedova T.G Faktory i tendentsii izmeneniya sel'skogo naseleniya v Rossii [Factors and trends of the rural population change in Russia]. Sotsial'no-Ekonomicheskaya geografiya. Vestnik Assotsiatsii rossiiskikh geografov-obshchestvovedov [Socio-Economic Geography. Herald of the Association of Russian Geographers and Social Scientists]. 2018. No. 7. P. 1-12. (in Russ.)
10. Nefedova T. G., Mkrtchyan N. V. Migratsiya sel'skogo naseleniya i dinamika sel'skokhozyaistvennoy zanyatosti v regionakh Rossii [Migration of rural population and dynamics of agricultural employment in the regions of Russia]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5: Geografiya [Moscow University Bulletin. Series 5: Geography]. 2017. No. 5. P. 58-67. (in Russ.)
11. Nefedova T. G., Starikova A. V. Migratsii naseleniya kak sposob yego adaptatsii k polyarizatsii prostranstva v tsentre Rossii [Migration as a way of population adaptation to polarization of space at the center of Russia]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. 2020. No. 10. P. 24-38. (in Russ.)
12. Averkieva K. V. Vnutrisel'skaya migratsiya naseleniya i lokal'nyye protsessy transformatsii sel'skoy mestnosti v lesnoy zone staroosvoennogo nechernozem'ya [Intra-rural population migration and local transformation processes of rural areas in the forest zone of the old-developed non-Chernozem region]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya geograficheskaya [News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series: Geography. 2021. Vol. 85. No. 6. P. 828-841. DOI: 10.31857/S2587556621060066 (in Russ.)
13. Chibilyov A. A. (Jr.) Geoinformatsionnyye issledovaniya mezoregiona basseina reki Ural [Geoinformation studies of the mesoregion of the Ural River basin]. Informatizatsiya geograficheskikh issledovanii i prostranstvennoe modelirovanie prirodnykh i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskikh sistem [Informatization of Geographical Studies and Spatial Modeling of Natural and Socio-Economic Systems]. Moscow. Institut geografii RAN [Institute of Geography RAS]. 2013. P. 246-255. (in Russ.)
14. Makarova M. N., Pyshmintseva O. A. Kontsentratsiya naseleniya kak faktor neravenstva formirovaniya i realizatsii trudovogo potentsiala regiona [Concentration of population as a factor of inequality in forming and realizing regional labor potential]. Korporativnoye upravleniye i innovatsionnoye razvitiye ekonomiki Severa: Vestnik Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tsentra korporativnogo prava, upravleniya i venchurnogo investirovaniya Syktyvkarskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Corporate Governance and Innovative Development of the North. Bulletin of the Research Center of Corporate Law, Management and Venture Syktyvkar State University]. 2017. No. 4. P. 61-67. (in Russ.)
15. Zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya naseleniya SSSR: sotsial'no-ekonomiko-geograficheskoye issledovaniye [Regularities of the Placement of the USSR Population: Socio-Economic and Geographical Study]. Ed. Yu. V. Porosenkov. Voronezh. VGU [Voronezh State University Publishing House]. 1977. 160 p. (in Russ.)
16. Dabiev D. F., Dabieva U. M. Otsenka transportnoy infrastruktury makroregionov Rossii [Assessment of the transport infrastructure of the macro-regions of Russia]. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamental'nykh issledovaniy [International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research]. 2015. No. 11-2. P. 283-284. (in Russ.)
17. Golts G. A. Transport i rasseleniye [Transport and Settlement]. Moscow. Nauka [Science]. 1981. P. 32. (in Russ.)
18. Teslenok K. S, Sozdaev А. А., Manukhov V. F. Geoinformatsionnoye kartografirovaniye potentsiala polya rasseleniya naseleniya respubliki Mordoviya [Geoinformation mapping of the potential of resettlement field of the Republic of Mordovia]. Geopolitika i ekogeodinamika regionov [Geopolitics andEcogeodynamics of Regions]. 2019. No. 3. P. 223-229. (in Russ.)
19. Chibilyov A. A. (Jr.) Ratsional'noye ispol'zovaniye prirodnykh resursov okhranyaemykh territoriy (na primere Orenburgskoi oblasti) [Rational Use of Natural Resources of Protected Areas (on the Example of Orenburg Oblast)]. Avtoreferat dis. kand. ekonom. nauk [Abstract of the Cand. diss.]. Orenburg. 2003. 18 p. (in Russ.)
20. Chibilyov A. A. (Jr.) Osobennosti i dinamika protsessov razvitiya urbanizirovannogo karkasa regionov stepnoy zony evropeiskoy chasti Rossii [Development processes' specifics and dynamics of the urbanization in regions in the European part of Russia steppe zone]. Uspekhi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya [Successes of Modern Natural Sciences]. 2017. No. 11. P. 146-152. (in Russ.)
21. Chibilyov A. A. (Jr.), Padalko Yu. A., Semenov E. A., Rudneva O. S., Sokolov A. A., Grigorevsky D. V., Meleshkin D. S. Ocherki ekonomicheskoy geografii Orenburgskogo kraya. [An Outline of Economic Geography of the Orenburg Region]. Vol. II. Orenburg. [Institute of Steppe of the Ural Branch RAS]. 2018. 144 p. ISBN 978-5-94162-146-0. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 28.03.2022
Accepted: 09.09.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Chibilyov, A. A., Meleshkin, D. S., Grigorevsky, D. V., & Chibilyov, A. A. (2022). Features of population settlement in Orenburg oblast in the Ural River basin. Population, 25(3), 46-58. https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.3.4
Section
DEMOGRAPHY: THEORY AND PRACTICE ISSUES
