The interaction between Life expectancy and gross domestic product by countries
Research Article
How to Cite
Bedanokov M.K., Morgunov E.V., Chernyavsky S.V. The interaction between Life expectancy and gross domestic product by countries. Population. 2022. Vol. 25. No. 4. P. 4-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.4.1 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article puts forward a hypothesis about the resultant nature of the indicator "life expectancy"; all other socio-economic indicators of the country's development are significant or insignificant factors. In order to test this hypothesis, the methodology of analysis of the countries of the world was described, an analytical and statistical analysis of life expectancy, gross domestic product per capita for the countries of the world was carried out; and on this basis, an assessment of the impact of real per capita GDP on life expectancy is given using the method of grouping, correlation and regression analysis. It is established that, in general, the relationship between them is positive and has a moderate character. It can be stated that real GDP per capita is an important, but most likely far from the most significant factor in ensuring high life expectancy, and further studies of the factors influencing life expectancy are required. At the same time, it was found that it is worth considering separately countries with high and very high levels and countries with medium and low levels of life expectancy and real GDP per capita, since the statistical relationship of the analyzed indicators in 2020 is somewhat different: in countries where GDP is above $13000, life expectancy is above 75 years, to increase life expectancy by 1 year, you need to increase GDP by $14000, and in countries below these values, an increase in GDP of only $5000 can lead to an increase in life expectancy by 1 year. The study also identified critical values (2020) for life expectancy and real GDP per capita. They respectively amounted to 69.20 years (first quartile), 75.50 years (median) and per capita GDP of $5050 and $13300 respectively. In this regard, it turns out that Russia belongs to countries with an average level of development in terms of life expectancy (LE - 72 years or the 158th place in the rating out of 227), in terms of GDP — to highly developed countries (per capita GDP — $26500 or the 70th place in the rating out of227). The example of Russia is a vivid illustration of the fact that the relationship between life expectancy and GDP is statistical and moderate.
Keywords:
countries of the world, gross domestic product, life expectancy, critical values, statistical analysis, impact assessment, Russia
References
1. Shibalkov I. P. Kompleksnaya otsenka vliyaniya sotsial'no-ekonomicheskikh faktorov na ozhidayemuyu prodolzhitel'nost' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii: dissertatsiya ... kandidata ekonomicheskikh nauk [Comprehensive Assessment of Socio-Economic Indicators for Life Expectancy of the Population of Russian Regions]. Cand. diss. Yekaterinburg, 2019. (in Russ.)
2. Novikov A. V., Novikova I. Ya. VVP kak stoimostnoy izmeritel' ob"yoma ekonomiki i indikator ekonomicheskogo rosta [GDP as the value measure of the size of economy and the indicator of economic growth]. ECO. 2019. No. 9. P. 165-187. DOI: 10.30680/ЕСО0131-7652-2019-9-165-187 (in Russ.)
3. Morgunov E. V. O nauchnykh podkhodakh k obespecheniyu ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti Rossii na tekushchem etape razvitiya strany [On scientific approaches to ensuring Russia's economic security at the current stage of the country's development]. Dokhody, raskhody i sberezheniya naseleniya Rossii: tendentsii i perspektivy [Incomes, Expenditures and Savings of the Russian Population: Trends and Prospects]. Proceedings of the VII international research and practical conference (Moscow, November 30, 2021). Ed. A. V. Yarasheva. FNISTS RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS]. Moscow. 2022. P. 149-152. DOI: 10.19181/conf.978-5-89697-387-4.2022.27 (in Russ.)
4. Sizova T. M. Statistika [Statistics]. Textbook. St. Petersburg, 2013. 176 p. (in Russ.)
5. Lokosov V. V. Sotsiologiya radikal'nykh izmeneniy: transformatsiya rossiyskogo obshchestva v 1987-2020 godakh [Sociology of Radical Changes: Transformation of the Russian Society in 1987-2020]. FNISTS RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS]. Moscow. 2022. 552 p. (in Russ.)
6. Migranova L. A., Morgunov E. V. Kompleksnaya otsenka kachestva zhizni [Comprehensive assessment of the quality of life]. Narodonaseleniye sovremennoy Rossii: vosproizvodstvo i razvitiye [Population of Modern Russia: Reproduction and Development]. Ed. V. V. Lokosov. Moscow. Ekon-Inform. 2015. Р. 167-191. (in Russ.)
7. Faltsman V. K. Zavisimost' prodolzhitel'nosti zhizni naseleniya ot blagosostoyaniya strany (mezhstranovoye statisticheskoye issledovaniye) [Dependence of life expectancy of the population on the wel-being of the country (international statistical study)]. Problemy prognozirovaniya [Studies on Russian Economic Development]. 2021. No. 2(185). P. 113-120. DOI: 10.47711/0868-6351-185-113-120 (in Russ.)
8. Jahan S. Indeksy i indikatory chelovecheskogo razvitiya. Obnovlennyye statisticheskiye dannyye 2018 [Human Development Indices and Indicators. 2018 Statistical Update]. PROON UNDP. 2018. 122 p. (in Russ.)
9. Kuznets S. National Income and Its Composition. 1919-1938. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1954. 929 р.
10. Stiglitz D., Sen A., Fitussi J. — P. Neverno otsenivaya nashu zhizn': Pochemu VVP ne imeyet smysla? [Misjudging Our Life: Why Does GDP Not Make Sense?] Doklad Komissii po izmereniyu effektivnosti ekonomiki i sotsial'nogo progressa [Report of the Commission on Measuring the Efficiency of the Economy and Social Progress]. Translated by I. Kushnareva under the scientific editing by T. Drobyshevskaya. Moscow. Izd-vo Instituta Gaydara [Publishing House of the Gaidar Institute]. 2015. 216 p. (in Russ.)
2. Novikov A. V., Novikova I. Ya. VVP kak stoimostnoy izmeritel' ob"yoma ekonomiki i indikator ekonomicheskogo rosta [GDP as the value measure of the size of economy and the indicator of economic growth]. ECO. 2019. No. 9. P. 165-187. DOI: 10.30680/ЕСО0131-7652-2019-9-165-187 (in Russ.)
3. Morgunov E. V. O nauchnykh podkhodakh k obespecheniyu ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti Rossii na tekushchem etape razvitiya strany [On scientific approaches to ensuring Russia's economic security at the current stage of the country's development]. Dokhody, raskhody i sberezheniya naseleniya Rossii: tendentsii i perspektivy [Incomes, Expenditures and Savings of the Russian Population: Trends and Prospects]. Proceedings of the VII international research and practical conference (Moscow, November 30, 2021). Ed. A. V. Yarasheva. FNISTS RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS]. Moscow. 2022. P. 149-152. DOI: 10.19181/conf.978-5-89697-387-4.2022.27 (in Russ.)
4. Sizova T. M. Statistika [Statistics]. Textbook. St. Petersburg, 2013. 176 p. (in Russ.)
5. Lokosov V. V. Sotsiologiya radikal'nykh izmeneniy: transformatsiya rossiyskogo obshchestva v 1987-2020 godakh [Sociology of Radical Changes: Transformation of the Russian Society in 1987-2020]. FNISTS RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS]. Moscow. 2022. 552 p. (in Russ.)
6. Migranova L. A., Morgunov E. V. Kompleksnaya otsenka kachestva zhizni [Comprehensive assessment of the quality of life]. Narodonaseleniye sovremennoy Rossii: vosproizvodstvo i razvitiye [Population of Modern Russia: Reproduction and Development]. Ed. V. V. Lokosov. Moscow. Ekon-Inform. 2015. Р. 167-191. (in Russ.)
7. Faltsman V. K. Zavisimost' prodolzhitel'nosti zhizni naseleniya ot blagosostoyaniya strany (mezhstranovoye statisticheskoye issledovaniye) [Dependence of life expectancy of the population on the wel-being of the country (international statistical study)]. Problemy prognozirovaniya [Studies on Russian Economic Development]. 2021. No. 2(185). P. 113-120. DOI: 10.47711/0868-6351-185-113-120 (in Russ.)
8. Jahan S. Indeksy i indikatory chelovecheskogo razvitiya. Obnovlennyye statisticheskiye dannyye 2018 [Human Development Indices and Indicators. 2018 Statistical Update]. PROON UNDP. 2018. 122 p. (in Russ.)
9. Kuznets S. National Income and Its Composition. 1919-1938. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1954. 929 р.
10. Stiglitz D., Sen A., Fitussi J. — P. Neverno otsenivaya nashu zhizn': Pochemu VVP ne imeyet smysla? [Misjudging Our Life: Why Does GDP Not Make Sense?] Doklad Komissii po izmereniyu effektivnosti ekonomiki i sotsial'nogo progressa [Report of the Commission on Measuring the Efficiency of the Economy and Social Progress]. Translated by I. Kushnareva under the scientific editing by T. Drobyshevskaya. Moscow. Izd-vo Instituta Gaydara [Publishing House of the Gaidar Institute]. 2015. 216 p. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 08.08.2022
Accepted: 09.12.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Bedanokov, M. K., Morgunov, E. V., & Chernyavsky, S. V. (2022). The interaction between Life expectancy and gross domestic product by countries. Population, 25(4), 4-15. https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2022.25.4.1
Section
DEMOGRAPHY: THEORY AND PRACTICE ISSUES
