Features of employment in a singleindustry town on the example of Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast
Research Article
How to Cite
Kulikova A.V., Mikhailova V.V., Klemyatich Y.Y., Teodorovich M.L. Features of employment in a singleindustry town on the example of Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast. Population. 2023. Vol. 26. No. 2. P. 78-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.2.7 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article describes the main features of the labor market in Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast, analyzes employment strategies of the population from different property groups. Due to its geographical location, socio-demographic structure, Pavlovo was chosen as an example of a typical small town in the European part of Russia. The article presents the results of sociological survey conducted in 2011 and 2021. The 2011 survey was carried out by the Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS (Moscow) and Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod (Nizhny Novgorod) with participation of the universities of Glasgow (Scotland) and Uppsala (Sweden). The 2021 survey — by the Center for the Study of Social Systems, the Department of Sociology of Project Activity and Pro-Competitive Regulation of the Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod., the universities of Glasgow (Scotland), Uppsala (Sweden) with the support of the Scientific Information Center, Nizhny Novgorod. As a result of the cluster analysis, four social groups were identified that differ from each other in socio-economic characteristics and strategies of behavior in the labor market. The relationship between the level of education and the position on the labor market is clearly visible. In the group of affluent households, there are more people who have higher education. Higher education and qualification level allow one to occupy higher-paying positions, diversify career strategies even in a single-industry city. While in low-income families, the share of those who are employed in the industrial sector, in particular, at the city-forming enterprise, is higher. Affluent households show the greatest economic activity, while combining additional ways of earning with the main specialty. It is important to note that the lower the family income level, the less often they use the opportunities for additional earnings. People of retirement age, while maintaining an average level of economic activity and sufficient labor potential (education, skill level), are quite severely limited in employment opportunities. Factors reducing the material well-being of family are the presence of minor children, the position of a single parent, the status of a pensioner. Those living alone are also often low-income, especially women.
Keywords:
single-industry cities, small towns, employment, employment strategies, labor market, standard of living, inequality, property groups, unemployment
References
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4. Taganrogskie issledovaniya: polveka spustya. [Taganrog Studies: Half a Century Later]. Eds. N. M. Rimashevskaya, V. V. Lokosov. Moscow. Ekonomicheskoye obrazovaniye. [Economic Education], 2017. 288 p. (in Russ.)
5. Ivashinenko N. N. Varyzgina A. A., Mikhailova V. V. Formirovaniye tsifrovogo kapitala u naseleniya Rossii [Formation of digital capital of the population of Russia]. Gumanitarnyye, sotsial’no-ekonomicheskiye i obshchestvennyye nauki [Humanities, Socio-Economic and Social Siences]. 2022. No. 5. P. 50–54. (in Russ.)
6. Mikhailova V. V., Ivashinenko N. N., Varyzgina A. A. Internet-povedeniye i sotsial’naya stratifikatsiya v monogorode: preodolevayem ili zakreplyayem neravenstvo? [Internet behavior and social stratification in a single-industry town: are we overcoming or consolidating inequality?] Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya [Theory and Practice of Social Development]. 2022. No. 6(172). P. 21–28. (in Russ.)
7. Pyatsheva E. N. Sotsial’naya struktura zanyatosti v usloviyah monogorodov Rossii [Social structure of employment in single-industry towns in Russia]. Sotsiologiya [Sociology]. 2021. No. 5. P. 150–156. (in Russ.)
8. Andryukhin A. V., Osipov V. A, Krasova E. V. Privlecheniye rabochej sily v malyye goroda v kontekste strategicheskogo razvitiya territorij: na primere goroda Bol’shoj Kamen’, Primorskij kraj [Mobilization of workforce into smaller cities within the context of strategic territorial development on the example of the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai]. Natsional’naya bezopasnost’ [National Security]. 2019. No. 2. P. 33–43. (in Russ.)
9. Bobkov V. N., Odegov Yu. G., Garnov A. P. Regulirovaniye neustojchivoj zanyatosti v monogorodah [Regulation of precarious employment in single-industry towns]. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of Region]. 2020. No. 2. P. 522–534. (in Russ.)
10. Malyye goroda v sotsial’nom prostranstve Rossii [Small Towns in the Social Space of the Russian Federation]. Ardal’yanova A. Yu., Bizyukov P. V., Braslavsky R. G. et al. Moscow. FNISTS RAN [Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS]. 2019. 119 p. (in Russ.)
11. Kulay S. V. Analiz kriteriyev otneseniya munitsipal’nyh obrazovanij k monogorodam [Analyzing criteria for classifying municipalities as single-industry cities]. Sotsium i vlast’ [Socium and Power]. 2019. No. 3 (77). P. 50–62. (in Russ.)
12. Popov A. V., Gnatyuk M. A. Strategii innovatsionnogo razvitiya malyh gorodov Rossii: spetsifika problem i resursnyj potentsial [Strategies for innovative development of small cities in Russia: the specificity of problems and resource potential]. Gumanitarij Yuga Rossii. [Humanities of the South of Russia]. 2017. No. 2. P. 251–259. (in Russ.)
13. Varyzgina A. A. Sem’i s det’mi: faktory, opredelyayushchiye vybor strategii vyzhivaniya v malyh gorodah [Families with children: factors determining the choice of survival strategy in small towns]. Sotsial’noye neravenstvo sovremennosti: novaya real’nost’ nauchnogo osmysleniya Mezhdunarodnoj [Social Inequality of Modernity: a New Reality of Scientific Understanding]. Proceedings of the VI International Scientific Conference. Saratov. 2018. P. 440–445. (in Russ.)
14. Kulikova A. V., Mikhailova V. V. Obrazovaniye i kachestvo zhizni [Education and quality of life]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2016. No. 3(73). P. 124–134. (in Russ.)
15. Kulikova A. V., Mikhailova V. V. Obrazovaniye kak strategiya preodoleniya sotsial’nogo neravenstva [Education as a strategy for overcoming social inequality]. Innovatsionnaya ekonomika: regulirovaniye i konkurentsiya [Innovative Economy: Regulation and Competition]. Proceedings of the Tenth International Scientific and Practical Conference. Nizhny Novgorod. 2017. P. 700–706. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 29.11.2022
Accepted: 15.06.2023
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Kulikova, A. V., Mikhailova, V. V., Klemyatich, Y. Y., & Teodorovich, M. L. (2023). Features of employment in a singleindustry town on the example of Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast. Population, 26(2), 78-90. https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.2.7
Section
EMPLOYMENT, QUALITY AND CONDITIONS OF LIFE
