Quality of life of the rural population in Russia: integral assessment and regional differentiation
Research Article
How to Cite
Shabanov V.L. Quality of life of the rural population in Russia: integral assessment and regional differentiation. Population. 2024. Vol. 27. No. 1. P. 4-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-4-19 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article presents a study of the regional differentiation of the Russian rural population on the basis of an aggregated array of variables reflecting various aspects of the life quality, in the form of objective indicators of benefits (disadvantages) and subjective assessments of their quality (manifestation). The source of indicators is Rosstat — Comprehensive monitoring of the living conditions of the population for 2020. All variables are grouped by regions of the Russian Federation and are reduced to a single scale from 0 to 1. According to the principle of statistical and meaningful similarity, the array of variables is divided into blocks with subsequent aggregation into «block indicators» with high information content of each variable. They are the basis for classification of regions and development of an integral indicator of the life quality, which effectively solves the problem of interregional comparisons. Based on the results of the analysis, there is identified high information content in the formalization of the rural life quality of those variables that reflect improvement of the household, its financial capabilities, security of living and social characteristics of the family head (the nature of his work), health status, and activity of using the Internet. For the village, lower availability of services, including utilities, remains relevant. Economic activity in personal subsidiary plots is not an additional source of family income and is multidirectional in relation to the life quality. Geographical conditions do not affect the life quality of the rural population: the leading and outsider regions in terms of the values of the integral indicator are dispersed in all parts of the country and do not form continuous territorial areas. The rural population of the southern and central regions is characterized by high self-assessments of health and work, high well-being of rural housing with low assessments of its quality, low leisure and social activity. The rural population of a significant part of the Siberian, Ural, and northern regions is characterized by a higher satisfaction with the socio-economic living environment than in the country as a whole, and lower assessments of housing amenities, working conditions and health.
Keywords:
quality of life, rural population, regions, regional differentiation, principal component method, integral indicator, block indicators, cluster analysis
References
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2. Kislitsina O. A. Podhody k izmereniyu progressa i kachestva zhizni (blagopoluchiya) [Approaches to measure the progress and quality of life (well-being)]. Ekonomicheskij analiz: teoriya i praktika [Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice]. 2016. Vol. 457. No. 10. P. 28–38. (in Russ.)
3. Dubrov A. M., Mkhitaryan V. S., Troshin L. I. Mnogomernyje statisticheskije metody [Multidimensional Statistical Methods]. Moscow. Finansy i statistika [Finance and Statistics]. 2003. P. 139–146. (in Russ.)
4. Ayvazyan S. A. Rossiya v mezhstranovom analize sinteticheskikh kategorij kachestva zhizni (Chast’ 1 Metodologiya analiza i primer yeyo primeneniya) [Russia in the cross-country analysis of synthetic categories of the life quality (Part 1. Methodology of analysis and an example of its application)]. Mir Rossii [Universe of Russia]. 2001. No. 4. P. 59–96. (in Russ.)
5. Ayvazyan S. A. Analiz kachestva i obraza zhizni naseleniya [Analysis of the Quality and Lifestyle of the Population]. Moscow. Nauka. [Science]. 2012. 432 p. (in Russ.)
6. Aivazian S. A., Stepanov V. S., Kozlova M. I. Izmerenije sinteticheskih kategorij kachestva zhizni naseleniya regiona i vyyavlenije klyuchevyh napravlenij sovershenstvovaniya sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoj politiki (na primere Samarskoj oblasti i yeyo munitsipal’nykh obrazovanij) [Measuring the synthetic categories of quality of life in a region and identification of main trends to improve the social and economic policy (Samara region and its constituent territories)]. Prikladnaya ekonometrika [Applied Econometrics]. 2006. No. 2. P. 18–84. (in Russ.)
7. Ayvazyan S. A., Kudrov A. V. Integral’nyj indikator kachestva i uslovij zhizni [Integral indicator of quality and living conditions]. Tsifrovaya ekonomika [Digital Economy]. 2019. No. 1(5). P. 43–56. DOI: 10.34706/DE-2019–01–05 (in Russ.)
8. Mitrofanov A. Yu. Metodika postrojeniya integral’nogo pokazatelya kachestva zhizni naseleniya munitsipal’nykh obrazovanij [The method of development of an integral indicator of the life quality of the population of municipalities]. Vestnik Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Saratov State Socio-Economic University]. 2008. No. 4(23). P. 109–112. (in Russ.)
9. Molchanova E. V., Kruchek M. M., Kibisova Z. S. Postroenije rejtingovykh otsenok sub»jektov Rossijskoj Federatsii po blokam sotsial’no-ekonomicheskikh pokazatelej [Building of the rating assessments of the Russian Federation subjects by the blocks of socio-economic indicators]. Ekonomicheskije i sotsial’nyje peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2014. No. 3(33). P. 196–208. (in Russ.)
10. Migranova L. A., Ulyanov V. V. Metodicheskije podhody k otsenke kachestva zhizni naseleniya v regionakh [Methodic approaches to estimation of the quality of life of population in regions]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2017. No. 3. Р. 116–129. (in Russ.)
11. Zhgun T. V. Postroenije integral’noj kharakteristiki kachestva zhizni sub»jektov Rossijskoj Federatsii s pomoshchyu metoda glavnyh komponent [Building an integral measure of the quality of life of constituent entities of the Russian Federation using the principal component analysis]. Ekonomicheskije i sotsial’nyje peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2017. Iss. 10. No. 2. P. 214–235. DOI: 10.15838/esc/2017.2.50.12 (in Russ.)
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14. Shubat O. M., Shmarova I. V. Klasternyj analiz kak analiticheskij instrumentarij politiki narodonaseleniya [Cluster analysis as an analytical tool of population policy]. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of Region]. 2017. Vol. 13. No. 4. P. 1175–1183. DOI: 10.17059/2017–4–16 (in Russ.)
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19. Saraikin V. A., Nikulina Yu. N., Yanbykh R. G. Sub»jektivnoje blagopoluchije sel’skikh zhitelej v Rossii: faktory i ih znachimost’ [Subjective well-being of rural dwellers in Russia: Factors and their significance]. Ekonomicheskaya sotsiologiya [Journal of Economic Sociology]. 2023. Vol. 24. No. 1. P. 71–105. DOI: 10.17323/1726–3247–2023–1–71–105 (in Russ.)
20. Zangieva I. K., Rotmistrov A. N. Sravnitel’nyj analiz sposobov provedeniya faktornogo analiza na poryadkovykh peremennykh [Factor analysis of ordinal variables: a comparative study]. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya: Ekonomicheskije i sotsial’nyje peremeny [Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes]. 2018. No. 3. P. 29–46. DOI: 10.14515/monitoring.2018.3.02 (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 12.07.2023
Accepted: 22.03.2024
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Shabanov, V. L. (2024). Quality of life of the rural population in Russia: integral assessment and regional differentiation. Population, 27(1), 4-19. https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-4-19
Section
CONDITIONS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF POULATION
