Systematization and correlation analysis of factors affecting crime level
Research Article
How to Cite
Fedotov A.A. Systematization and correlation analysis of factors affecting crime level. Population. 2024. Vol. 27. No. 1. P. 71-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-71-81 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of crime factors in Russia, conducted within investigation of the characteristics of human potential. The first part of the work describes the theoretical aspects. A distinction is made between the concepts of factors and causes of crime, and the essential differences between these categories are highlighted. Thus, factor largely reflects a force external to a person, while reason lies in himself and in his psychology. The main factors influencing the crime rate are described: socio-economic (poverty, unemployment, level of income differentiation), demographic (age, gender, social status, education and place of residence), psychological (personality of criminal, situation in family and social environment), political (legislation and criminal code, political situation and security, effectiveness of law enforcement structures), cultural (traditions, customs, beliefs, language) and others (national, regional, religious). The second part presents results of the correlation analysis of the connections between the socio-economic factors and crime rate in the regions of the country based on the official statistics for 10 years from 2011 to 2020. The results of the analysis confirmed the impact on crime of such factors as the standard of living of the population, especially unemployment and income levels, and also revealed a relationship with indicators of the spread of higher education and alcohol consumption. In general, the economic motive for committing crimes was confirmed. The heterogeneity of the values of the correlation coefficients in the regional context is explained by the high degree of syntheticity of the general crime indicator, which aggregates all possible types of offenses, as well as a complex of regional features, including effectiveness of the law enforcement system. The results of the work can be used in further research for the purpose of clustering regions and analyzing the identified factors by certain types of crimes.
Keywords:
crime, crime factors, causes of crime, human potential, quality of life, region, correlation, analysis
References
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3. Guseva M. V. Issledovanije osnovnyh faktorov, vliyayushchih na uroven’ prestupnosti v Rossii [Study of the main factors affecting the level of crime in Russia]. Rossiyskiye regiony v fokuse peremen [Russian Regions in the Focus of Changes]. Proceedings of the XII international conference. Ekaterinburg, 16–18 November 2017. Ural’skij federal’nyj universitet [Ural Federal University]. Ekaterinburg. 2015. P. 585–596. (in Russ.)
4. Lelekov V. A., Borodin A. D. Demograficheskije protsessy i prestupnost’ [Demographic processes and crime]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo Instituta FSIN Rossii [Bulletin of the Voronezh Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia]. No. 4. 2019. P. 214–218. (in Russ.)
5. Antonyan Yu. M., Kudryavtsev V. N., Eminov V. E. Lichnost’ prestupnika [The Identity of Offender]. St. Petersburg. Yuridicheskij centr Press [Law Center Press]. 2004. 364 р. (in Russ.)
6. Chernykh I. A. Semejnyje konflikty kak prichina podrostkovoj prestupnosti [Family conflicts as a cause of teenage crime]. Alleya nauki [Science Alley]. No. 4(67). P. 1028–1032. (in Russ.)
7. Akers R. Criminological Theories: Introduction and Evaluation. 2nd ed. Los Angeles. Roxbury publishing company. 1997. P. 83–84.
8. Spiridonova E. V. Prichiny prestupnosti [Causes of crime]. Kriminologicheskij zhurnal [Criminological Journal]. 2019. No. 3. P. 27–29. (in Russ.)
9. Sutherland E. H., Cressey D. R. Principles of Criminology. Chicago. Lippincott. 1960. 646 p.
10. Kurochkin S. A. Sotsial’naya effektivnost’ pravovyh norm: sovremennyje podhody [Social Effectiveness of Legal Norms: Modern Approaches]. Sotsial’naya tsennost’ prava v sovremennom obshchestve [Social Value of Law in Modern Society]. Prceedings of the VI All-Russian Symposium. Ekaterinburg. 2021. P. 81–87. (in Russ.)
11. Shnarbaev B. K. Voprosy effektivnosti bor’by s prestupnost’yu [Issues of the effectiveness of the fight against crime]. Ugolovno-pravovoje vozdejstvije i jego rol’ v preduprezhdenii prestupnosti [Criminal Law Impact and Its Role in Crime Prevention]. Proceedings of the IV Saratov Criminal Law Readings. Ed. N. A. Lopashenko. Saratov. 2019. P. 398–402. (in Russ.)
12. Abramyan S. I. Poisk faktorov, vliyayushchih na uroven’ prestupnosti [Search for factors influencing the crime rate]. Upravlenije ekonomicheskimi sistemami: elektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal [Management of Economic Systems: Electronic Scientific Journal]. 2019. No. 10(128). P. 1–10 (in Russ.)
13. Dolgova I. V., Zhamborov A. A. Rol’ kul’tury v protivodejstvii prestupnosti [The role of culture in combating crime]. Vestnik Akademii prava i upravleniya [Bulletin of the Academy of Law and Management]. 2021. No. 2(63). P. 41–46 (in Russ.)
14. Galaev A. R. Porochnost’ kul’tury i prestupnost’ [The depravity of culture and crime]. Mirovaya nauka [World Science]. 2020. No. 2(35). P. 48–51. (in Russ.)
15. Petrovsky A. V. Natsional’no-religioznyje i gosudarstvenno-traditsionnyje normativnyje sistemy preduprezhdeniya prestupnogo povedeniya: komparativistskij analiz [National-religious and state-traditional normative systems for the prevention of criminal behavior: a comparative analysis]. Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya [Theory and Practice of Social Development]. 2021. No. 10(164). P. 113–118. (in Russ.)
16. Newburn T. Criminology. Third edition. London. Routledge. 2017. 1143 p.
17. Krivonogov V. P. Alkogol’ i demografiya narodov severa [Alcohol and demography of the peoples of the North]. Severnyje arhivy i ekspeditsii [Northern Archives and Expeditions]. 2017. No. 4. P. 25–29. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 15.09.2023
Accepted: 26.03.2024
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Fedotov, A. A. (2024). Systematization and correlation analysis of factors affecting crime level. Population, 27(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-71-81
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CONDITIONS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF POULATION
