Regional aspect of youth migration attitudes in the Russian Arctic
Research Article
Acknowledgments
The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22–78–10148 «Motivational drivers in the dynamics of human resource flows in the Russian Arctic: trends, challenges, prospects». URL: https://www.rscf.ru/project/22–78–10148/.
How to Cite
Simakova A.V., Khoteeva E.A., Stepus I.S., Averianov A.O. Regional aspect of youth migration attitudes in the Russian Arctic. Population. 2024. Vol. 27. No. 1. P. 136-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-136-152 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The current stage of development of the Russian Arctic zone (AZ RF) dictates new tasks for development of these territories. In this vein, a special attention is paid to the demographic potential of the Arctic territories. The circulation of migration flows in the AZ RF makes its own adjustments to the reproduction of the population, especially among the mobile social group of young people. The purpose of the article is to identify the migration intentions of young people, the factors that contribute to formation of these intentions through actions, as well as the desire to stay in the Arctic among those young people who arrived. Consideration of the migration intentions of local and arrived youth aged 16–35 years in a descriptive sociological type of research in the Arctic space is the scientific novelty of the study. The information base of the study is the data from a sociological survey of young people from all regions of the AZ RF (N=8583). Migration intentions of the local youth and those who arrived in the AZ RF are active and specific in certain regions. Among the local youth, only one third plans to stay in the Arctic. Social ties, the search for favorable environmental and climatic conditions, educational opportunities and personal reasons play a role in the formation of migration intentions, backed up by actions. Young people come to the AZ RF mainly for the purpose of employment and earnings and to the regions with educational centers — to study and work. To a greater extent, settlement of the newly arrived youth is temporary and replaceable. The authors identified the main problem issues and points of development of the territories of the Russian Arctic in the context of retaining young people with the account of the results of the survey on the causes of migration.
Keywords:
incoming migration of youth, outgoing migration of youth, migration factors, Arctic zone of Russia, youth
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2. Stepus I. S., Khoteeva E. A., Simakova A. V. Migratsionnyye vyzovy strategicheskogo razvitiya Arkticheskoy zony Rossii [Migration challenges to the strategic development of the Russian Arctic zone]. The Newman in Foreign Policy. 2023. No. 70. P. 7–10. (in Russ.)
3. Denisov E. A. Migratsionnyye protsessy v gorodakh Rossiyskogo Severa v 1990–2010 gg. [Migration processes in the cities of the Russian North in the 1990–2000s]. Regional’nyye issledovaniya [Regional Studies]. 2017. No. 2. P. 44–55. (in Russ.)
4. Mkrtchyan N. V. Balans migratsii naseleniya rossiyskogo Severa i Arktiki v 2010-ye gody i yego strukturnyye sostavlyayushchiye [Population migration balance of the Russian North and the Arctic in the 2010s and its structural components]. Nauchnyy trudy. Institut narodnokhozyaystvennogo prognozirovaniya RAN [Scientific Works: Institute of Economic Forecasting of the RAS]. 2021. No. 19. P. 304–325. DOI: 10.47711/2076–318–2021–304–325 (in Russ.)
5. Kovaleva O. M. Migratsionnyye tendentsii v Arkticheskoy zone Rossii v 2012–2019 godakh [Migration trends in the Arctic zone of Russia in 2012–2019]. Narodonaselenie [Population]. 2021. Vol. 21. No. 4. P. 147–160. DOI: 10.19181/population.2021.24.4.12 (in Russ.)
6. Fauser V. V., Smirnov A. V., Lytkina T. S., Fauser G. N. Rossiyskaya i Mirovaya Arktika — monograficheskoye issledovaniye demografov, sotsiologov i ekonomistov [The Russian and World Arctic — A Monographic Study of Demographers, Sociologists and Economists]. Ed. V. V. Fauser. Moscow. Political Encyclopedia. 2022. 215 p. (in Russ.)
7. Shelomentsev A. G., Voronina L. V., Smirennikova E. V., Uhanova A. V. Faktory migratsii v Arkticheskoy zone Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Migration Factors in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation]. Ars Administrandi. 2018. Vol. 10. No. 3. P. 396–418. DOI: 10.17072/2218–9173–2018–3–396–418 (in Russ.)
8. Ukhanova A. V., Smirennikova E. V., Voronina L. V. Klassifikatsiya faktorov migratsii naseleniya Rossiyskoy Arktiki [Classification of migration factors of the Russian Arctic population]. Fundamental’nyye issledovaniya [Basic Research]. 2021. No. 4. P. 123–129. DOI: 10.17513/fr.43011 (in Russ.)
9. Zamyatina N. Yu., Yashunsky A. D. Migratsiya s Severa: sotsial’nyye seti i mental’naya «blizost’» [Migration from the North: social networks and mental «proximity»]. Vneshneekonomicheskiye faktory prostranstvennogo razvitiya. Sbornik statey [Foreign Economic Factors of Spatial Development]. Ed. V. N. Streletsky. Moscow. Eslan. 2015. P. 147–173. (in Russ.)
10. Zamyatina N. Yu., Yashunsky A. D. «Severa» kak zona rosta dlya rossiyskoy provintsii [The North as an area of growth for the provinces]. Otechestvennyye zapiski [Domestic Notes]. 2012. No. 5. P. 227–239. (in Russ.)
11. Vasilyeva O. V., Maklashova E. G. Molodezh’ Arktiki: Identichnosti i zhiznennyye strategii [Arctic Youth: Identities and Life Strategies]. Ed. V. B. Ignatieva. Yakutsk. 2018. 177 p. (in Russ.)
12. Nedoseka E. V., Sharova E. N. Osobennosti zhiznennykh strategiy molodezhi v usloviyakh Arktiki [Features of Youth’s Life Strategies in the Arctic]. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya: ekonomicheskiye i sotsial’nyye peremeny [Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes]. 2020. No. 3. P. 355–375. DOI: 10.14515/monitoring.2020.3.1611 (in Russ.)
13. Zaikov K. S., Katorin I. V., Tamitskii A. M. Migratsionnyye ustanovki studentov, obuchayushchikhsya po obrazovatel’nym programmam vysshego obrazovaniya arkticheskoy napravlennosti [Migration attitudes of the students enrolled in Arctic-focused higher education programs]. Ekonomicheskiye i sotsial’nyye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2018. Vol. 11. No. 3. P. 230–247. DOI: 10.15838/esc.2018.3.57.15 (in Russ.)
14. Suleymanova О. А. «Na Severe zhit’?»: opyt pereyezda i migratsionnyye ustanovki molodezhi Murmanskoy oblasti [«In the North — to live?»: experience of moving and migration attitudes of young people of the Murmansk region]. Trudy Kol’skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Proceedings of the Kola Science Center RAS]. 2020. Vol. 11. No. 6–19. P. 179–189. DOI: 10.37614/2307–5252.2020.6.19.014 (in Russ.)
15. Stepus I. S., Simakova A. V., Gurtov V. A., Khoteeva E. A Migratsionnyye potoki vypusknikov shkol i vuzov v regionakh Rossiyskoy Arktiki: ob»yemy, vektora i otsenka sorazmernosti [Migration Flows of School and University Graduates in the Russian Arctic Regions: Volume, Vectors, and Proportionality Assessment]. Sever i rynok: formirovaniye ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order]. 2023. No. 1. P. 80–94. DOI: 10.37614/2220–02X.1.2023.79.005 (in Russ.)
16. Kuznetsova S. A. Migratsionnyye ustanovki kak predmet sotsial’no-psikhologicheskikh issledovaniy [Migration attitudes as a subject of socio-psychological research]. Sotsial’naya psikhologiya i obshchestvo [Social Psychology and Society]. 2013. Vol. 4. No. 4. P. 34–45. (in Russ.)
17. Rybakovsky L. L. Istoriya i teoriya migratsii naseleniya. Kn. 3: Teoriya trekh stadiy migratsionnogo protsessa [History and Theory of Population Migration. Book. 3: The Theory of Three Stages of the Migration Process]. Moscow. Econ-Inform. 2019. 218 p. (in Russ.)
18. Zamyatina N. Yu., Pilyasov A. N. Rossiyskaya Arktika. K novomu ponimaniyu protsessov osvoyeniya [Russian Arctic. Towards a New Understanding of Development Processes]. Moscow. LENAND. 2018. 400 p. (in Russ.)
19. Agapov M. G., Klyueva V. P. «Sever zovet!»: motiv «severnoye prityazheniye» v istorii osvoyeniya Rossiyskoy Arktiki [‘The North is calling!’: the ‘northern attraction’ motif in the history of the Russian Arctic development]. Sibirskiye istoricheskiye issledovaniya [Siberian Historical Research]. 2018. No. 4. P. 6–24. DOI: 10.17223/2312461X/22/1 (in Russ.)
20. Khoteeva E. A. Motivy migratsii molodezhi v Arkticheskuyu zonu RF na sovremennom etape [Motives of youth migration to the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation at the present stage]. Ekonomicheskiye i sotsial’nyye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2023. Vol. 16. No. 5. P. 172–187. DOI: 10.15838/esc.2023.5.89.10. (in Russ.)
Article
Received: 26.06.2023
Accepted: 27.03.2024
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Simakova, A. V., Khoteeva, E. A., Stepus, I. S., & Averianov, A. O. (2024). Regional aspect of youth migration attitudes in the Russian Arctic. Population, 27(1), 136-152. https://doi.org/10.24412/1561-7785-2024-1-136-152
Section
DEMOGRAPHY: THEORY AND PRACTICE ISSUES
