Social structure of real sector of economy as a part of social capital and measures for its possible optimization

The author focuses on the so-called "non-economic", social aspects of the stated issue from the sociological point of view. The paper is organized in the form of sociological subjects that gives clarity and conciseness to the analyzed issues. The main issue is social structure of real sector of Russian economy as an important component of social capital and the ways of its possible optimization. Methodological principles of analysis, its subject and directions of research are defined based on the target of the government program of support of the real sector of economy and industry development until 2030 year.The article notes that the main mechanisms for achieving this goal are the redistribution of release labor and optimization of the number of workers. It will lead to the reduction of employment in a number of industries, particularly in agriculture and production sector, where it is planned to reduce over 20 % of employment.The following issues are described in the modes of the past, present and future social time: the needs of modern economy for highly qualified specialists and skilled workers; the transformation of the institution of property and radical redistribution of workers between public and private employment sectors; changes in support base of working class; demand for new social and professional groups in the learning services; structural positions for skilled non-manual workers; social consequences of redistribution of employment between public and private sectors of economy; new social processes in the distribution of staff between the industries: juvenilisation, feminization and defeminization, gender asymmetry and gender competition, gender preferences in employment and the distribution of labor resources. The concrete measures for possible optimization of productivity growth, creation of high-performance jobs in domestic production sector are suggested.