The Theory and Methodology of Study Public Health in the Context of Providing the National Security of the Russian Society

The article is devoted to the study of the main methodological approaches of social and philosophical research of public health within the framework of the need to ensure the national security of the Russian Federation. The article offers a working definition of the concept "national security", which includes a number of characteristics. Separately, it is necessary to supplement the notion with the characteristic "protected development", reflecting the dynamics of ensuring national security of Russia. A conceptual distinction between the concepts "social health" and "public health" has been made. "Social" is suggested to understand as the structural and functional basis for public, reflecting more formalized connections between people and institutions. “Public” is suggested to understand as the whole complex of relations between people and their ecological environment, including both formal and informal relations in official documents and institutions.