Objectivization of Work in Social Outlook: Concrete and Abstract Forms

The article is devoted to a research of forms of understanding of work in a social discourse. The purpose of work is analytical consideration of the main forms of expression of category of work in culture from the point of view of assessment of their substantial completeness. The theoretical and practical importance of the carried-out analysis is caused by two moments: fundamental value of work and the revealed divergence between set of fundamental aspects of work and level of their realization in the western cultural tradition which has significant effect on outlook of Russians now. Work is not only purposeful activity, it also represents the major case of personal self-determination and public solidarity. And therefore the abstract relation to work can negatively affect the nature of social activity of the person. In article consideration of this aspect from the point of view of difference between two main forms of self-determination which are the cornerstone of a social axiology – individualism and collectivism is carried out. The main methods used during work are social and constructivist approach and a method of the comparative analysis. During the carried-out review it is proved that the individualistic tradition is based on the idea of a statement of the personality by means of achievement of success that reduces category of work to achievement of result. It nullifies the value of procedural aspect of work, the importance of an ethical component of work and, in particular, category of responsibility. At the same time, if in the western economic culture the lack of accurately expressed ethical aspect of work is compensated by the importance of reputation, then in the Russian society partial loan of the western model leads to social deformation. Consideration of collectivist tradition, on the contrary, testifies not only to its deep compliance to the Russian mentality, but also to realization within collectivism of the main substantial aspects of category of work. The practical importance of work is connected with reflection of current trends in development of the Russian society, assessment of prospects and the possible directions of development of the Russian economic culture.