Dialectics of Innovative Transformations in the Technical System of Production with Change of Technological Modes

The article considers the problems of modernization of the technical structure of production in the paradigm of evolutionary replacement of technological structures from the perspective of the theory of cyclic-wave macrodynamics. The relationship of pulsations of the latter with the change of phases of origin, formation, development, domination and exhaustion of the reproductive potential of the life cycle of technological mode is revealed. The idea of co-existence of simultaneously functioning technological structures in the country's economy and the evolutionary nature of their replacement is developed. Various types of the process of updating the technical and technological structure of production are analyzed: mutational-radical (endogenous type) associated with changes in the genotype of the reproductive process, and modernizational (exogenous type), which mean updating the existing material base of the dominant technical and technological structure of production and related to incremental type of innovation . The fundamental difference between the conceptual models of domestic neo-industrialization is substantiated in the form of replacing obsolete models of technical equipment with new generations of machines, and foreign reindustrialization carried out in the form of reoffshorization of resource-consuming and energy-intensive sectors of material production that were previously put into foreign economic outsourcing. Recommendations are given on the implementation of investment policy measures during periods of decline in production and economic activity in the phase of lowering the trajectory of the economic cycle.