National Consciousness of the Russia’s Citizens after the 2014’th
Acknowledgments
The article was prepared with the support of the RPF grant (project № 14-28-00218-P) at the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
How to Cite
Barash R.E. 2018. National Consciousness of the Russia’s Citizens after the 2014’th — Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika. Vol. 6. No. 4. P. 7-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6079
Abstract
The author applies to the data of sociological research in order to explore the dynamics of the judgments of the Russia’s citizens about the basic foundations of civil identity. The author concludes that the events of the post-Soviet history could not provide the Russian society with new reasons for unification into a political nation. However, as the sociological data demonstrates, the request for the basis either for the national solidarity or for collective pride is obvious. Such a request forces citizens to look for examples of solidarity in the relatively distant past. First of all, they look for the solidarity’s examples in the Soviet historical heritage. The events of the Soviet history are the key markers of national pride and the basic foundations of the Russia’s civil nation.The re-unification of Russia with Crimea in 2014 coincided with the request of the Russian society to search for the glorious reasons for collective pride. So the author notes that many Russia’s citizens perceive Crimean Peninsula as "a place of memory" (the category that was offered by Pierre Nora). The history of the region, primarily in its interpretation that one could find in the official Russian discourse, is inextricably associated with the history of the Russian state. On the other hand, Crimea by itself symbolizes the Soviet past, and many citizens of Russia conceive its accession as a vague prototype of the return of the USSR. So the mass jubilation over the annexation of Crimea, that one could see in Russia, comes not from the mass revanchist sentiments of citizens, but from their desire to "link" symbolically the Russia’s present with the glorious Soviet past.
Keywords:
Identity, political nation, pride, Crimea, "place of memory”
References
Antonovskiy A. Yu. Kommunikativnaya ratsional'nost': vneshnyaya i vnutrennyaya [Communicative rationality: the external and the internal one]. Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. 2008. № 3. P. 71–77. (In Russ.).
Antonovskiy A. Yu. Ponimaniye i vzaimoponimaniye. [Understanding and mutual understanding]. Voprosy filosofii. 2015. № 2. P. 45–57. (In Russ.).
Boykov V. E. Istoricheskaya pamyat' v sovremennom rossiyskom obshchestve: sostoyaniye i problemy formirovaniya. [Historical memory in the contemporary Russian society: the position and problems of its formation]. Sotsiologiya vlasti. 2011. № 5. P. 44–52. (In Russ.).
Dvadtsat' pyat' let sotsial'nykh transformatsiy v otsenkakh i suzhdeniyakh rossiyan: opyt sotsiologicheskogo analiza. [Twenty-five years of social transformation in the assessments and judgments of Russians: the experience of sociological analysis]. Ed. by M. K. Gorshkov, V. V. Petukhov. M.: Ves’ Mir publ., 2018. 384 p. (In Russ.).
Frantsiya-pamyat'. [Les Lieux de mémoire]. Ed. by P. Nora. T. 1: La République. Gallimard. 1984. 720 p. (In Russ.).
Gorshkov M. K., Petukhov V. V. Oktyabr'skaya revolyutsiya 1917 i yeye posledstviya v vospriyatii sovremennykh rossiyan. [The October Revolution of 1917 and its Aftermath in the Public Perception of Modern Russians]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya. 2018. № 1 (405). P. 6–18. (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518010026. (In Russ.).
Gurvich E., Prilepskiy I. Vliyaniye finansovykh sanktsiy na rossiyskuyu ekonomiku. [The Impact of Financial Sanctions on Russian Economy]. Voprosy ekonomiki. 2016. № 11. P. 5–35. (In Russ.).
Kazarin P. Rekviyem po sebe. [Requiem for himself]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Krym. Realii: [veb-sayt]. 01.03.2018. URL: https://ru.krymr.com/a/29068069.html (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym i Sevastopol': tri goda s Rossiyey. [Crimea and Sevastopol: three years with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3328. 16.03.2017. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=116112 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym kak yabloko razdora: zaplatit' i uspokoit'sya? [Crimea as an apple of discord: to pay and calm down?]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3496. 19.10.2017 URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=116463 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym: dva goda vmeste s Rossiyey. [Crimea: two years together with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3059. 17.03.2016. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=115622 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym: chetyre goda s Rossiyey. [Crimea: four years with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk No 3604. 15.03.2018. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=8993 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Leiva M. Putin podderzhal predlozheniye razrabotat' zakon o rossiyskoy natsii. [Putin supported the proposal to develop Russian nation’s law]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. RBC. [veb-sayt]. 31.10.2016. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/politics/31/10/2016/5817699c9a7947df2118164e (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Levinson A. 86% za «Krymnash». [86% of respondents supports the idea of "Krymnash"]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Vedomosti [veb-sayt]. 03.04.2018. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/opinion/columns/2018/04/03/755654-krimnash (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Petukhov V. V., Barash R. E. Russkiye i «Russkiy mir»: istoricheskiy kontekst i sovremennoye prochteniye. [Russians and the "Russian World": historical context and its contemporary interpretation]. Polis. Politicheskiye issledovaniya. 2014. № 6. P. 83–101. (In Russ.).
Pokida A. N., Zybunovskaya N. V. Dinamika istoricheskoy pamyati v rossiyskom obshchestve (po rezul'tatam sotsiologicheskogo monitoringa). [Dynamics of historical memory in Russian society (in accordance with the results of sociological monitoring)]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya. 2016. № 3. P. 98–107. (In Russ.).
Razgovor s Dmitriyem Medvedevym. Interv'yu pyati telekanalam. [A conversation with Dmitry Medvedev. Interview to five TV channels]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Pravitel'stvo Rossii: [veb-sayt]. 10.12.2014. URL: http://government.ru/news/16036/#sel= (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Repina L. P. Opyt sotsial'nykh krizisov v istoricheskoy pamyati. [Experience of social crises in historical memory]. Krizisy perelomnykh epokh v istoricheskoy pamyati. Ed. by L. Repina. M.: IVI RAN publ., 2012. P. 3–37. (In Russ.).
Rossiyskoe obshchestvo i vyzovy vremeni. Kniga chetvertaya. [Russian society and the challenges of time. The fourth book]. Ed. by M. K. Gorshkov, V. V. Petukhov. M.: Ves’ Mir publ., 2016. 400 p. (In Russ.).
Rossiyskoe obshchestvo posle presidentskykh vyborov – 2018: zapros na peremeny. [Russian society after the presidential elections in 2018: a request for change. Information and analytical report]. M.: FNISC RAN, 2018. 55 p. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Official portal of the Institute of sociology RAS. URL: http://www.isras.ru/files/File/publ/Ros_obschestvo_posle_prezident_vyborov_2018.pdf#page=46 (Data obraschenija: 16.11.2018). (In Russ.).
Rossiya – velikaya derzhava. [Russia is a great state]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3664. 21.05.2018. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=9106 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Sanktsii zamedlyat rost rossiyskogo VVP na 0,5 p.p. v god, soobshchil Kudrin. [Kudrin said that sanctions will slow the growth of the Russian GDP by 0.5 percentage points. per year]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Ria.ru: [veb-sayt]. 02.06.2017. URL: https://ria.ru/economy/20170602/1495717311.html (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Vinokurov A. Putin podal natsional'nuyu ideyu. [Putin submitted the national idea]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Gazeta.ru. [veb-sayt]. 31.10.2016. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/politics/2016/10/31_a_10295957.shtml#page1 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Volkova O. Ekonomisty vpervyye podschitali poteri Rossii ot zapadnykh sanktsiy. [The economists calculated for the first time Russia's losses from Western sanctions]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Ria.ru: [veb-sayt]. 11.05.2016. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/11/05/2016/57322fb99a794753913fc68b. (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Antonovsky A. Technologies of the Electoral Process: A Field Study of the Possibility of Informative Communication. Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2017. Vol. 55. P. 37–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2017.1296291 (In Russ.).
Kholodilin K., Netsunajev A. Crimea and punishment: the impact of sanctions on Russian and European economies. [Elektronnyy resurs]. German Institute for Economic Research: [veb-sayt]. 11.04.2016. URL: http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.530645.de/dp1569.pdf (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Qualls K. D. Manufacturing Local Identification behind the Iron Curtain in Sevastopol, Ukraine after World War II. In Local Memories in a Nationalizing and Globalizing World. Ed. by Beyen M. and Deseure B. Houndsmill: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. P. 94–114.
Antonovskiy A. Yu. Ponimaniye i vzaimoponimaniye. [Understanding and mutual understanding]. Voprosy filosofii. 2015. № 2. P. 45–57. (In Russ.).
Boykov V. E. Istoricheskaya pamyat' v sovremennom rossiyskom obshchestve: sostoyaniye i problemy formirovaniya. [Historical memory in the contemporary Russian society: the position and problems of its formation]. Sotsiologiya vlasti. 2011. № 5. P. 44–52. (In Russ.).
Dvadtsat' pyat' let sotsial'nykh transformatsiy v otsenkakh i suzhdeniyakh rossiyan: opyt sotsiologicheskogo analiza. [Twenty-five years of social transformation in the assessments and judgments of Russians: the experience of sociological analysis]. Ed. by M. K. Gorshkov, V. V. Petukhov. M.: Ves’ Mir publ., 2018. 384 p. (In Russ.).
Frantsiya-pamyat'. [Les Lieux de mémoire]. Ed. by P. Nora. T. 1: La République. Gallimard. 1984. 720 p. (In Russ.).
Gorshkov M. K., Petukhov V. V. Oktyabr'skaya revolyutsiya 1917 i yeye posledstviya v vospriyatii sovremennykh rossiyan. [The October Revolution of 1917 and its Aftermath in the Public Perception of Modern Russians]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya. 2018. № 1 (405). P. 6–18. (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518010026. (In Russ.).
Gurvich E., Prilepskiy I. Vliyaniye finansovykh sanktsiy na rossiyskuyu ekonomiku. [The Impact of Financial Sanctions on Russian Economy]. Voprosy ekonomiki. 2016. № 11. P. 5–35. (In Russ.).
Kazarin P. Rekviyem po sebe. [Requiem for himself]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Krym. Realii: [veb-sayt]. 01.03.2018. URL: https://ru.krymr.com/a/29068069.html (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym i Sevastopol': tri goda s Rossiyey. [Crimea and Sevastopol: three years with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3328. 16.03.2017. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=116112 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym kak yabloko razdora: zaplatit' i uspokoit'sya? [Crimea as an apple of discord: to pay and calm down?]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3496. 19.10.2017 URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=116463 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym: dva goda vmeste s Rossiyey. [Crimea: two years together with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3059. 17.03.2016. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=115622 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Krym: chetyre goda s Rossiyey. [Crimea: four years with Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk No 3604. 15.03.2018. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=8993 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Leiva M. Putin podderzhal predlozheniye razrabotat' zakon o rossiyskoy natsii. [Putin supported the proposal to develop Russian nation’s law]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. RBC. [veb-sayt]. 31.10.2016. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/politics/31/10/2016/5817699c9a7947df2118164e (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Levinson A. 86% za «Krymnash». [86% of respondents supports the idea of "Krymnash"]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Vedomosti [veb-sayt]. 03.04.2018. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/opinion/columns/2018/04/03/755654-krimnash (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Petukhov V. V., Barash R. E. Russkiye i «Russkiy mir»: istoricheskiy kontekst i sovremennoye prochteniye. [Russians and the "Russian World": historical context and its contemporary interpretation]. Polis. Politicheskiye issledovaniya. 2014. № 6. P. 83–101. (In Russ.).
Pokida A. N., Zybunovskaya N. V. Dinamika istoricheskoy pamyati v rossiyskom obshchestve (po rezul'tatam sotsiologicheskogo monitoringa). [Dynamics of historical memory in Russian society (in accordance with the results of sociological monitoring)]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya. 2016. № 3. P. 98–107. (In Russ.).
Razgovor s Dmitriyem Medvedevym. Interv'yu pyati telekanalam. [A conversation with Dmitry Medvedev. Interview to five TV channels]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Pravitel'stvo Rossii: [veb-sayt]. 10.12.2014. URL: http://government.ru/news/16036/#sel= (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Repina L. P. Opyt sotsial'nykh krizisov v istoricheskoy pamyati. [Experience of social crises in historical memory]. Krizisy perelomnykh epokh v istoricheskoy pamyati. Ed. by L. Repina. M.: IVI RAN publ., 2012. P. 3–37. (In Russ.).
Rossiyskoe obshchestvo i vyzovy vremeni. Kniga chetvertaya. [Russian society and the challenges of time. The fourth book]. Ed. by M. K. Gorshkov, V. V. Petukhov. M.: Ves’ Mir publ., 2016. 400 p. (In Russ.).
Rossiyskoe obshchestvo posle presidentskykh vyborov – 2018: zapros na peremeny. [Russian society after the presidential elections in 2018: a request for change. Information and analytical report]. M.: FNISC RAN, 2018. 55 p. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Official portal of the Institute of sociology RAS. URL: http://www.isras.ru/files/File/publ/Ros_obschestvo_posle_prezident_vyborov_2018.pdf#page=46 (Data obraschenija: 16.11.2018). (In Russ.).
Rossiya – velikaya derzhava. [Russia is a great state]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. VTsIOM: [veb-sayt]. Press-vypusk № 3664. 21.05.2018. URL: https://wciom.ru/index.php?id=236&uid=9106 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Sanktsii zamedlyat rost rossiyskogo VVP na 0,5 p.p. v god, soobshchil Kudrin. [Kudrin said that sanctions will slow the growth of the Russian GDP by 0.5 percentage points. per year]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Ria.ru: [veb-sayt]. 02.06.2017. URL: https://ria.ru/economy/20170602/1495717311.html (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Vinokurov A. Putin podal natsional'nuyu ideyu. [Putin submitted the national idea]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Gazeta.ru. [veb-sayt]. 31.10.2016. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/politics/2016/10/31_a_10295957.shtml#page1 (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Volkova O. Ekonomisty vpervyye podschitali poteri Rossii ot zapadnykh sanktsiy. [The economists calculated for the first time Russia's losses from Western sanctions]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Ria.ru: [veb-sayt]. 11.05.2016. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/11/05/2016/57322fb99a794753913fc68b. (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Antonovsky A. Technologies of the Electoral Process: A Field Study of the Possibility of Informative Communication. Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2017. Vol. 55. P. 37–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2017.1296291 (In Russ.).
Kholodilin K., Netsunajev A. Crimea and punishment: the impact of sanctions on Russian and European economies. [Elektronnyy resurs]. German Institute for Economic Research: [veb-sayt]. 11.04.2016. URL: http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.530645.de/dp1569.pdf (Data obrashcheniya: 30.08.2018). (In Russ.).
Qualls K. D. Manufacturing Local Identification behind the Iron Curtain in Sevastopol, Ukraine after World War II. In Local Memories in a Nationalizing and Globalizing World. Ed. by Beyen M. and Deseure B. Houndsmill: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. P. 94–114.
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
Harvard
Barash, R. E. (2018) ’National Consciousness of the Russia’s Citizens after the 2014’th’, Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika, 6(4), pp. 7-18. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6079.
Section
MODERN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
Publisher: Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCTAS RAS)