Promotion of Innovative Technologies: Alternative Projects and Practices Perspectives
Acknowledgments
The study was supported by the grant Russian science Foundation (project № 16-18-10420) in the Federal research sociological center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
How to Cite
Khamidoullina E.Y. 2018. Promotion of Innovative Technologies: Alternative Projects and Practices Perspectives — Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika. Vol. 6. No. 4. P. 173-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6094
Abstract
Crowdfunding and crowdsourcing are examined as the means of overcoming innovative economy development issues. The article shows that innovative economy model transition requires rethinking of the regular patterns. Redistributive relationship between authorities and monopolies provokes the emergence of shadow schemes and corruption. Another issue is applying the neoclassic model to Russian economy. That requires the existence of perfect market and competition. This model supposes competing companies isolation, no coalitions between them, free information circulation between manufacturers and consumers and excepting exclusivity. In our opinion, such an approach is hardly applicable. However an opposite approach suggested by Nicole Biggart is considered as the most productive. Continuing Max Weber's tradition she shits focus to the social side of the economic relations. In our opinion, providing alternative means of innovative technologies support and market entry can assist in innovative economy development. Among these are the crowd-based and open source technologies provided by social interaction and described in the terms of libertarian concept.The possibilities of the open source technologies in dealing with patent system setbacks and innovation transfer are also researched. That is performed by analyzing and comparing the corresponding Russian and US practice. The current situation with innovative technology introduction, realization and production application in Russia is represented.
Keywords:
innovative technologies, startup, Citizen science, crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, OAST – open-source appropriate technology, Free и Open Source Software, copyleft, GNU, sustainable development
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Biggart N. Sotsial'naya organizatsiya i ehkonomicheskoe razvitie. [Social organization and economic development]. Ekonomicheskaya sotsiologiya. 2001. T. 2. № 5. P. 49–58. (In Russ.).
Bobylev S. N., Zakharov V. M. «Zelenaya» ehkonomika i modernizatsiya. Ekologo-ehkonomicheskie osnovy ustoychivogo razvitiya. [The "green" economy and modernization. Environmental and economic foundations of sustainable development]. Byulleten' «Na puti k ustoychivomu razvitiyu Rossii». 2012. № 60. P. 1–90. (In Russ.).
Global'nyy indeks innovatsiy. [Global innovation index]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Gumanitarnye tekhnologii: [veb-sayt]. URL: http://gtmarket.ru/ratings/global-innovation-index/info (Data obrascheniya: 14.05.2018). (In Russ.).
Innovatsionnaya aktivnost' sub"ektov innovatsionnogo protsessa. [Innovative activity of subjects of innovative process]. [Elektronnyy resurs]: URL: https://www.hse.ru/data/2015/02/16/1092109354/Monitoring%202.pdf (Data obrascheniya: 12.04.2018). (In Russ.).
Kak izbezhat' resursnogo proklyatiya. [How to avoid the resource curse]. Ed. by M. Khamfris, Dzh. Saks, Dzh. Stiglits. M.: Izdatel'stvo Instituta Gaydara publ., 2011. 464 p. (In Russ.).
Khau Dzh. Kraudsorsing. Kollektivnyy razum kak instrument razvitiya biznesa. [Crowdsourcing. Collective intelligence as a tool for business development]. M.: «Al'pina Pablisher» publ., 2012. 296 p. (In Russ.).
Kliucharev G. A., Mikhaleva M. N. Innovatsionnoe predprinimatel'stvo i naukoemkie proizvodstva: puti razvitiya. [Innovative entrepreneurship and high-tech industries: ways of development]. Obrazovanie i nauka v Rossii: sostoyanie i potentsial razvitiya. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. M.: Tsentr sotsiologicheskikh issledovaniy publ., 2016. P. 307–337. (In Russ.).
Nosyrev I., Mel'nikova K. Vse za odnogo: pochemu v Rossii kraudfanding ne stal biznes-instrumentom. [All for one: why crowdfunding has not become a business tool in Russia]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. RBK: [veb-sayt]. 15.06.2017. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/own_business/15/06/2017/594006559a794715c9d5819c (Data obrascheniya: 16.04.2018). (In Russ.).
Prauze G., Terner T. Soobschestva potrebiteley – drayvery otkrytykh innovatsiy. [User communities – drivers for open innovation]. Forsayt. 2014. T. 8. № 1. P. 24–32. (In Russ.).
Sanin M. K. Istoriya razvitiya kraudfandinga. Klassifikatsiya vidov. Analiz perspektiv razvitiya i preimuschestv. [The history of crowdfunding. Classification of species. Analysis of development prospects and advantages]. Nauchnyy zhurnal NIU ITMO. Seriya «Ekonomika i ehkologicheskiy menedzhment». 2015. № 4. P. 57–63. (In Russ.).
Sarkhanyants K. Samye innovatsionnye kompanii mira. [The most innovative companies in the world]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Kommersant: [veb-sayt]. 12.01.2017. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3188751 (Data obrascheniya: 17.05.2018). (In Russ.).
Prezident podpisal Ukaz «O natsional'nykh tselyakh i strategicheskikh zadachakh razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii na period do 2024 goda». [The President signed a Decree On national goals and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian Federation until 2024»]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Prezident Rossii: [veb-sayt]. 7 maya 2018 goda. URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/57425 (Data obrascheniya: 11.09.2018). (In Russ.).
Ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 01.12.2016 g. № 642 «O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii». [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 01.12.2016 № 642 "On the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation»]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Prezident Rossii: [veb-sayt]. 2018. URL: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41449 (Data obrascheniya: 10.06.2018). (In Russ.).
Utverzhdeny osnovy gosudarstvennoy politiki v oblasti ehkologicheskogo razvitiya Rossii na period do 2030 goda. [Approved the basis of state policy in the field of environmental development of Russia for the period up to 2030]. [Elektronnyy resurs]. Prezident Rossii: [veb-sayt]. 30 aprelya 2012 goda. URL: kremlin.ru/events/president/news/15177 (Data obrascheniya: 13.04.2018). (In Russ.).
Abolafia M. Y., Biggart N. W. Competition and Markets: An Institutional Perspective. Socio-Economics: Toward a New Synthesis. Ed. by A. Etzioni, Paul R. Lawrence. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1991. P. 211–231.
Biggart N. W., Hamilton G. G. The Power of Obedience. Administrative Science Quarterly. 1984. Vol. 29. № 4.
Hazeltine B., Bull C. Appropriate Technology: Tools, Choices, and Implications. New York: Academic Press, 1999. 350 pp.
Hippel E. Users as innovators. Technology Review. 1978. Vol. 80. № 3. Р. 3–11.
Massolution Crowdfunding Industry 2015 Report [Electronic resource]. Crowdexpert. 2015. URL: http://crowdexpert.com/crowdfunding-industry-statistics/ (Date of access: 15.04.2018).
Pearce J. M. Building Research Equipment with Free, Open-Source Hardware. Science 337. 1303 (2012). Р. 1303. DOI: 10.1126/science.1228183.
Pearce J. M. The Case for Open Source Appropriate Technology. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 14 (3), 2012. P. 425–431.
Pearce J., Albritton S., Grant G., Steed G., Zelenika I. A new model for enabling innovation in appropriate technology for sustainable development. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy. 2012. № 8(2). P. 42–53.
Shaker R. R. The spatial distribution of development in Europe and its underlying sustainability correlations. Applied Geography. 2015. 63. P. 304–314.
Zelenika I., Pearce J. M. Innovation Through Collaboration: Scaling up Technological Solutions for Sustainable Development. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2014. 16 (6). P. 1299–1316.
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Harvard
Khamidoullina, E. Y. (2018) ’Promotion of Innovative Technologies: Alternative Projects and Practices Perspectives’, Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika, 6(4), pp. 173-184. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6094.
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TRIBUNE OF YOUNG SCIENTIST
Publisher: Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCTAS RAS)