Precarization of the Middle Class of the New Russia: What are the Results of a Study of Heterogeneous Middle Strata?
How to Cite
Anikin V.A. 2019. Precarization of the Middle Class of the New Russia: What are the Results of a Study of Heterogeneous Middle Strata? — Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika. Vol. 7. No. 4. P. 39-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2019.7.4.6798
Abstract
The paper aims to study the heterogeneity of the middle classes in the new Russia. Drawing from the monitoring survey data collected by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, 2015 and 2018, the author employed Bayesian latent class analysis to detect Russian middle class and its main subgroups. In 2015 and 2018 it counted 58% and 61% of the population, respectively. Precarization of the middle is occurring in the lower stratum of the middle class, which comprises up to half of the middle class.The paper aims to study the heterogeneity of the middle classes in the new Russia. Drawing from the monitoring survey data collected by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, 2015 and 2018, the author employed Bayesian latent class analysis to detect Russian middle class and its main subgroups. In 2015 and 2018 it counted 58% and 61% of the population, respectively. Precarization of the middle is occurring in the lower stratum of the middle class, which comprises up to half of the middle class.
Keywords:
middle class, life chances, social structure, new Russia
References
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Dahrendorf R. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial society. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1959.
Gasiukova E., Korotaev S. Precarity in Russia: attitudes, work and life experience of young adults with higher education. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 2019. Vol. 39. № 7/8. P. 506–520.
Heckman J. J. Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children. Science. 2006. Vol. 312. № 5782. P. 1900–1902.
Income inequality: economic disparities and the middle class in affluent countries. Eds. by J. Gornick, M. Jäntti. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013. P. 115–141.
Mills С. W. White Collar: The American Middle Class. New York: Oxford university press, 1951.
OECD Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2019.
Sánchez-González C., García-Fernández R. M. A Multivariate Indicator to Compute Middle Class Population. Social Indicators Research. June 2019. Р. 1–14. DOI: 10.1007/s11205-019-02144-6
Simmel G. The Nobility. Georg Simmel on individuality and social forms. Selected writings. Ed. by D. N. Levine. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1971. P. 199–214.
Standing G. The precariat: The new dangerous class. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2011.
Thurow L. C. The disappearance of the middle class. New York Times, 1984, February 5.
Wright E. Rethinking once again the concept of class structure. In: E. O. Wright & others (еds.). The Debate on Classes. New York: Verso, 1989.
Anikin V. A. Sotsial’naya stratifikatsiya po zhiznennym shansam: popytka operatsionalizatsii dlya massovykh oprosov. [Social stratification by life chances: an attempt to nationalize mass polls]. Monitoring obshcestvennogo mnenija. Εkonomicheskije I sotsial’nyje peremeny. 2018. № 4. P. 39–67. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring. 2018.4.03.
Anikin V. A. Social’nye klassy novoj Rossii – neravnye i raznye. [Social classes of the new Russia – unequal and different]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovanija. 2020. (V pechati.). (In Russ.).
Anikin V. A., Lezhnina Yu .P. Ekonomicheskaya stratifikaciya: ob opredelenii granic dohodnyh grupp. [Economic stratification: on the open borders of income groups]. Sotsiologicheskoje obozrenije. 2018. T 17. № 1. P. 237–273. (In Russ.). DOI:10.17323/1728-192X-2018-1-237-273
Kolbanovsky V. V. Srednij klass – social’naya real’nost’, «klass na bumage» ili «obman trudyashchihsya»? [Middle class – social reality, “class on paper” or “deception of workers”?]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovanija. 2013. № 2. P. 42–57. (In Russ.).
Model’ dohodnoj stratifikatsii rossijskogo obshchestva: dinamika, faktory, mezhstranovye sravneniya. [Income Model of income stratification of Russian society: dynamics, factors, cross-country comparisons]. Ed. by N. E. Tikhonova. M.; St. Petersburg: Nestor-Historiya publ., 2018. 368 p. (In Russ.).
Srednij klass v sovremennoj Rossii. Opyt mnogoletnikh issledovanij. [The middle class in modern Russia. Experience of many years of research]. Ed. by M. K. Gorshkov, N. E. Tikhonova. M.: Ves’ Mir publ., 2016. 368 p. (In Russ.).
Nova li novaya Rossiya?: monografiya. [Is New Russia New]. Ed. by O. I. Shkaratan, G. A. Yastrebova; D. Lane. M.: Universitetskaja kniga publ., 2016. 400 p. (In Russ.).
Tikhonova N. E. Sotsial’naya struktura Rossii: teorii i real’nost’. [Social structure of Russia: theory and reality]. M.: New khronograph publ., 2014. 408 p. (In Russ.).
Tikhonova N. E. Stratifikatsiya po zhiznennym shansam massovykh sloev sovremennogo rossijskogo obschestva. [Stratification by life chances of the mass strata of modern Russian society]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovanija. 2018. № 6. P. 53–65. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518060053
Tikhonova N. E. Prekariat i perspektivy izmeneniya sotsial’noj struktury rossijskogo obschestva. [The precariat and prospects for changing the social structure of Russian society]. Sotsiologicheskije issledovanija. 2019. № 2. P. 167–173. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S013216250004023-8
Tikhonova N. E., Mareeva S. V. Srednij klass: teorija I real’nost’. [Middle class: theory and reality]. Ed. by N. E. Tikhonova. M.: Alpha-M publ., 2009. 320 p. (In Russ.).
Tikhonova N. E., Karavay A. V. Vliyanie ekonomicheskogo krizisa 2014–2016 godov na zanyatost’ rossiyan. [Impact of the economic crisis for 2014–2016]. Monitoring obshcestvennogo mnenija. Εkonomicheskije I sotsial’nyje peremeny. 2017. № 2. P. 1–17. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.14515/monitoring.2017.2.01
Toshchenko Zh. T. Prekariat: ot protoklassa k novomu klassu. [Prekariat:from protoclass to a new class]. M.: Nauka publ., 2018. 350 p. (In Russ.).
Bechhofer F., Elliott B., McCrone D. Structure, Consciousness and Action: A Sociological Profile of the British Middle Class. The British Journal of Sociology. 1978. Vol. 29. № 4. P. 410–436.
Becker G. S. Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. The Journal of Political Economy. 1962. Vol. 70. № 5. P. 9–49.
Castells M. Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society. British Journal of Sociology. 2000. Vol. 51. № 1. P. 5–24.
Dahrendorf R. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial society. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1959.
Gasiukova E., Korotaev S. Precarity in Russia: attitudes, work and life experience of young adults with higher education. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 2019. Vol. 39. № 7/8. P. 506–520.
Heckman J. J. Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children. Science. 2006. Vol. 312. № 5782. P. 1900–1902.
Income inequality: economic disparities and the middle class in affluent countries. Eds. by J. Gornick, M. Jäntti. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013. P. 115–141.
Mills С. W. White Collar: The American Middle Class. New York: Oxford university press, 1951.
OECD Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2019.
Sánchez-González C., García-Fernández R. M. A Multivariate Indicator to Compute Middle Class Population. Social Indicators Research. June 2019. Р. 1–14. DOI: 10.1007/s11205-019-02144-6
Simmel G. The Nobility. Georg Simmel on individuality and social forms. Selected writings. Ed. by D. N. Levine. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1971. P. 199–214.
Standing G. The precariat: The new dangerous class. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2011.
Thurow L. C. The disappearance of the middle class. New York Times, 1984, February 5.
Wright E. Rethinking once again the concept of class structure. In: E. O. Wright & others (еds.). The Debate on Classes. New York: Verso, 1989.
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
Harvard
Anikin, V. A. (2019) ’Precarization of the Middle Class of the New Russia: What are the Results of a Study of Heterogeneous Middle Strata?’, Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika, 7(4), pp. 39-54. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2019.7.4.6798.
Section
ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY
Publisher: Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCTAS RAS)