Self-Organization of Citizens at the Rural Settlements – Look Through Pink Glasses
Research Article
How to Cite
Shomina E.S. 2020. Self-Organization of Citizens at the Rural Settlements – Look Through Pink Glasses — Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika. Vol. 8. No. 2. P. 114-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2020.8.2.7308
Abstract
For more than 30 years, Russia has been developing “territorial public self-government” – the process of self-organization of citizens at the local level (TOS in Russian). The article considers the development of TOS as a tool for involvement and participation of citizens in local self-government (LSG). In Russia at the beginning of 2020, there were more than 33 thousand TOS, half of them in rural areas. It is a slow transformation of TOS activities (from the distribution of humanitarian aid in the 1990s) before participating in National projects after 2018), as well as changing attitudes towards TOS (from lack of recognition and support – to cooperation and allocation of serious funds, up to presidential grants). On the basis of long-term included observation, positive social practices that are implemented in rural settlements, features of the daily activities of rural TOS, features of rural life, including the nature of development and individual consumption of municipal resources, environmental problems and the seizure of agricultural land and pastures are described. Rural TOS are forced to do more practical things, their projects are more labor-intensive, and the contribution of the residents themselves is more tangible and visible (engineering infrastructure, roads and sidewalks, gasification, electricity and street lighting, garbage collection, and other cultural and leisure projects): a different scale than in the city, but much greater diversity, involvement and initiative of the residents themselves. The positive experience of the TOS of Kameshkovsky rural settlement of the Vladimir region and Novopavlovsky rural settlement of the Krasnodar territory is considered. Numerous social practices are described, as well as the problems encountered in connection with the emergence of municipal districts.
Keywords:
rural settlement, community development, self-organization, local community, participation, local government, social practices, territorial public self-government
References
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Tyurin G. V. (2002). Dom s oknami na zaryu. Shvedskii opyt mestnogo razvitiya. [House at the end of the dawn. The Swedish experience of local development]. Arkhangel’sk publ., (In Russ.).
Tyurin G. V. (2007). Opyt vozrozhdeniya russkikh dereven’. [Experience of revival of Russian villages]. M.: Pokolenie publ., 239 p. (In Russ.).
Shomina E. S. (2008). Samoorganizatsii zhitelei na lokal’nom urovne. [Self-organization of residents at the local level]. Faktory razvitiya grazhdanskogo obshchestva i mekhanizmy ego vzaimodeistviya s gosudarstvom. Ed. by L. I. Yakobsona. M.: Vershina publ., P. 263–289. (In Russ.).
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Federal’nyi zakon «O nekommercheskikh organizatsiyakh» ot 12.01.1996 № 7-FZ (poslednyaya redaktsiya). [Federal law” on non-profit organizations “ of 12.01.1996 No. 7-FZ (latest version)]. Konsul’tantPlyus: [sait]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_8824/ (data obrashcheniya: 20.05.2020). (In Russ.).
Federal’nyi zakon ot 06.10.2003 № 131-FZ (red. ot 24.04.2020) «Ob obshchikh printsipakh organizatsii mestnogo samoupravleniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii». [Federal law No. 131-FZ of 06.10.2003 (ed. from 24.04.2020) “On General principles of local self-government organization in the Russian Federation”]. Konsul’tantPlyus: [sait]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_ 44571/8dca12e4c57dcd9672a34eadf15e13b4455e1519/ (data obrashcheniya: 20.05.2020). (In Russ.).
Fokin O. S. Programma «Podderzhka territorial’nogo obschestvennogo samoupravleniya (TOS) kak effektivnogo instrumenta razvitiya obschestvennoi aktivnosti grazhdan» (2013–2014 gg.). [The program “Support of territorial public self-government (TOS) as an effective tool for the development of public activity of citizens” (2013–2014).]: Institut problem grazhdanskogo obschestva: [sait]. URL: http:// www.fund-sd.ru/TOC/index.htm (data obrascheniya: 20.05.2020).
Glazychev V. L., Egorov M. M., Il’ina T. V. (1995). Gorodskaya sreda. Tekhnologiya razvitiya: nastol’naya kniga. [Urban environment. Technology of development: a desktop book]. M.: Lad’ya publ., 240 p. (In Russ.).
Kartsev B. V. (2017). Teoriya i praktika territorial’nogo obshchestvennogo samoupravleniya vo Vladimirskoi oblasti. [Theory and practice of territorial public self-government in the Vladimir region]. Mestnoe pravo. № 1. P. 7–10. (In Russ.).
Kogan L. B. (1967). Urbanizatsiya – obshchenie – mikroraion. [Urbanization – communication – the neighborhood]. Arkhitektura SSSR. № 4. P. 39–42. (In Russ.).
Kharchenko K. V. (2001). Territorial’noe obshchestvennoe samoupravlenie: mnogoobrazie vozmozhnostei. [Territorial public self-government: diversity of opportunities]. Upravlenie gorodom: teoriya i praktika. 2014. № 2 (13). P. 13–16. (In Russ.).
Kokarev I. E. Sosedskie soobshchestva: put’ k budushchemu Rossii. [Neighborhood communities: the way to Russia’s future]. M.: Prometei publ. 247 p. (In Russ.).
Levchik D. A. (2005). Stanovlenie obshchestvennogo samoupravleniya v Rossii: territorial’nye i proizvodstvennye protestnye dvizheniya. 1988–1993. [Formation of public self-government in Russia: territorial and industrial protest movements. 1988–1993]. M.: Mosk. gos. obl. un-t. (In Russ.).
Maksyuta N. (2014). Dorogu osilit idushchii. Stanovlenie TOS Volgogradskoi oblasti. [The road will be mastered by the walking. Formation of the TOS of the Volgograd region]. Vestnik Soveta Federatsii. № 4–5. P. 104–111. (In Russ.).
Mersiyanova I. V. (2011). Territorial’noe obshchestvennoe samoupravlenie i predposylki uchastiya v nem naseleniya. [Territorial public self-government and prerequisites for participation of the population in it]. Mestnoe pravo. № 4. P. 31–44. (In Russ.).
Ovchintseva L. A. Razvitie sel’skogo territorial’nogo obshchestvennogo samoupravleniya. (2003). [Development of rural territorial public self-government]. Mestnoe samoupravlenie i grazhdanskoe uchastie v sel’skoi Rossii. M.: Astro-Plyus publ., P. 98–100. (In Russ.).
Ovchintseva L. A. Grazhdanskoe uchastie – osnova sel’skogo razvitiya. (2007). [Civic participation is the Foundation of rural development]. Mestnoe samoupravlenie i grazhdanskoe uchastie v sel’skoi Rossii. M.: CAF Rossiya publ., P. 17–24.
Osobennosti TOS v sel’skoi mestnosti. (2014). [Features of TOS in rural areas]. Refleader.ru: [sait]. 23.06.2014. URL: http://refleader.ru/jgejgeotrjge.html (data obrashcheniya: 20.05.2020). (In Russ.).
Sbornik luchshikh munitsipal’nykh praktik po itogam 2018 goda. (2018). [Collection of best municipal practices for 2018]: Minyust: [sait]. 22 marta 2018 goda. URL: https://minjust.ru/ru/razvitie-federativnyh-otnosheniy-i-mestnogo-samoupravleniya/sbornik-luchshih-municipalnyh-praktik-po (data obrashcheniya: 20.05.2020). (In Russ.).
Sistema munitsipal’nogo upravleniya: uchebnik. (2005). [The system of municipal management: textbook]. Ed. by V. B. Zotov. SPb.: Lider publ., P. 493. (In Russ.).
Sotsial’no obosnovannoe gradoustroistvo v rezhime prognoznogo proektirovaniya: ot sotsial’noi diagnostiki k profilaktike konfliktnykh situatsii i konstruktivnomu dialogu zainteresovannykh storon. (2005). [Socially-based urban planning in predictive design mode: from social diagnostics to conflict prevention and constructive dialogue between stakeholders]. Ed. by T. M. Dridze, E. M. Akimkin. M.: Institut sotsiologii RAN publ., 492 p. (In Russ.).
Territorial’noe obshchestvennoe samoupravlenie. Tekushchee sostoyanie i primery uspeshnykh praktik iz regionov Rossii. [Territorial public self-government. Current status and examples of successful practices from Russian regions]. M.: Fond Ustoichivoe razvitie publ., 2014. 34 p. (In Russ.).
Tyurin G. V. (2002). Dom s oknami na zaryu. Shvedskii opyt mestnogo razvitiya. [House at the end of the dawn. The Swedish experience of local development]. Arkhangel’sk publ., (In Russ.).
Tyurin G. V. (2007). Opyt vozrozhdeniya russkikh dereven’. [Experience of revival of Russian villages]. M.: Pokolenie publ., 239 p. (In Russ.).
Shomina E. S. (2008). Samoorganizatsii zhitelei na lokal’nom urovne. [Self-organization of residents at the local level]. Faktory razvitiya grazhdanskogo obshchestva i mekhanizmy ego vzaimodeistviya s gosudarstvom. Ed. by L. I. Yakobsona. M.: Vershina publ., P. 263–289. (In Russ.).
Shugrina E. S., Ivanova K. A. (2018). O sostoyanii territorial’nogo obshchestvennogo samoupravleniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii (k 30-letiyu pervykh rossiiskikh TOS). [About the state of territorial public self-government in the Russian Federation (to the 30th anniversary of the first Russian TOS)]. M: Prospekt publ., 160 p. (In Russ.).
Cities of Europe: public participation in revitalizing of urban environment. (1991). []. Ed. By T. Deelstra, O. Yanitsky. M.
Article
Received: 09.01.2020
Accepted: 30.06.2020
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
Harvard
Shomina, E. S. (2020) ’Self-Organization of Citizens at the Rural Settlements – Look Through Pink Glasses’, Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika, 8(2), pp. 114-132. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2020.8.2.7308.
Section
CIVIL SOCIETY IN RUSSIA
Publisher: Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCTAS RAS)