Organizational Forms of Realization of the National Crime Fighting Policy in the XI-XVII cc

The article deals with the fight of power against crime at different historical stages of Russian state. The need to fight against crime led to the creation of state investigative bodies. At the initial stage of the genesis of the state power accusatory-adversarial forms of trial were formed, with the principle of presumption of guilt, lack of special judicial and investigative bodies, and a mixture of administrative and judicial functions, which were typical for a weakly centralized state. In the process of strengthening of royal power accusatory, adversarial process was complemented by the inquisition, or «tracing». The essence of «tracing» was to conduct criminal investigation by state authorities. The authors characterize the legal basis of the state policy to combat crime, especially the legal status of officials and bodies involved in the process.