The Reform of Russian Education: Problems. Results. Prospects.
How to Cite
Odegov Y.G., Garnov A.P. The Reform of Russian Education: Problems. Results. Prospects. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2019. Vol. 15. No. 3. P. 36-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10071 (in Russ.).
Abstract
Today the state is focused on the innovative way of development, on the rapid development of the economy, and rapid creation and distribution of new digital technologies. The education system, as a vital area of socio-economic activity, must be reformed in accordance with the requirements of contemporary society. Numerous organizational innovations in the educational sphere of Rossiya have been made in recent years. Characteristic features of the up-to-date system of higher professional education are: liberalization; optimization of the state and non-state sector of education; the introduction of information and communication technologies as well as changes in demand and the degree of accessibility of higher education. For these purposes there should be no doubt that the basis of all are all the necessary conditions for the further reform of Russian education.The Object of Study. The system of higher education in Rossiya.The Subject of Study. Reforming the system of higher education in Rossiya.The Purpose of the Study. Evaluation of the consequences of the introduction of the Bologna System, identifying the causes of the slow progress of reforms.The Theoretical Aspect is based on the concept of Smart-education - education, aimed at obtaining a qualitatively new educational, scientific, social and commercial results in terms of the collective production of knowledge and their multiple sources.The Empirical Aspect of the subject is based on the results of research on the dynamics of spending on education, the number of state and non-state universities, the number of students and positions of Russian universities in international rankings.The Main Theoretical Provisions of the Article. The process of reforming the national system in accordance with the requirements of the Bologna process does not take into account the specifics and features that led to the loss of the accumulated progressive achievements that existed in Russian education. The transition to a new education model is stuck in an intermediate state. At the present stage of the reform of education, the main goal should be a radical update of the content of education and its resource provision. In the USSR, after graduating from higher educational institutions, graduates were sent to work at pre-determined jobs. At the stage of transition of the country to the market, this mechanism was canceled. The supplement to the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” Article 71 (August 2018), introducing quotas for the admission of citizens for targeted training, is designed to ensure competitive conditions for the selection of trained applicants who will enroll in competitive conditions, to train professionals who, after graduating from a higher educational institution, will go to work to the region where they are in demand as specialists. If the graduates did not get a job, they or the company that signs the contract with them will have to compensate for budget expenses.The implementation of these requirements of the Federal Law requires the elimination of contradictory management decisions in terms of graduate level training, adherence to the principle of social justice, provision of sufficient budget financing in accordance with institutional changes and higher flexibility of the entire educational system.The authors consider the organizational mechanism of the system of higher professional education as a system of external and internal relations arising in the course of its functioning and changing depending on the changing goals of the educational model (administrative, collegial and market) of the university and the needs of the labour market at the federal and regional levels.
Keywords:
higher education, the Bologna process, a reform, university rankings, Smart education, Smart University
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Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 26 dekabrja 2017 g. № 1642 (red. ot 11.06.2019) «Ob utverzhdenii gosudarstvennoj programmy Rossijskoj Federacii «Razvitie obrazovanija».
Bolonskij process: integracija Rossii v evropejskoe i mirovoe obrazovatel'noe prostranstvo / A.I. Gretchenko, A.A. Gretchenko. - M.: KNORUS, 2009. - 432 s.
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Vedeneeva N. Iz molodyh da v RAN // Moskovskij komsomolec. - 11 janvarja 2019 g. – S. 2.
Vostrikov V.N., Lishhuk E.N., Savchenko N.V. Pljusy i minusy Bolonskogo processa v rossijskom vysshem obrazovanii // Simvol nauki. - 2018. - № 8. – S. 51-59.
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Il'inskij I.M. O rossijskih obrazovatel'nyh reformah // Vysshee obrazovanie dlja XXI veka: VI Mezhdunarodnaja nauchnaja konferencija / Pod red. I.M. Il'inskogo. – M.: Izd-vo Moskovskogo gumanit. un-ta, 2009. – S. 8-26.
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Libin I., Modesto S.V., Olejnik T. i dr. Bolonskij process: perspektivy dlja Rossii // Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal prikladnyh i fundamental'nyh issledovanij. - 2012. - № 9. – S. 71-72.
Malenkov Ju.A. Problemy razvitija vysshej shkoly i podgotovki magistrov na osnove koncepcii dobavlennoj stoimosti // Vestnik SPbGU. Ser. 5. «Jekonomika. - 2009. - Vyp. 1. - 168 s.
Ob utverzhdenii koncepcii Federal'noj celevoj programmy razvitija obrazovanija na 2016-2020 gg. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://government.ru/docs/16479
Plaksij V.I. Bolonskij process v Rossii: pljusy i minusy // Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie. - 2012. - № 1. – S. 8-12.
Pruel' N.A. Obrazovanie kak obshhestvennoe blago: vosproizvodstvo, raspredelenie i potreblenie : dissertacija ... doktora sociologicheskih nauk - SPb. : Izd-vo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta, 2012. - 296 s.
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Savchenko A.P. Otkrytoe informacionnoe prostranstvo nauchnoj kommunikacii kak faktor razvitija jekonomiki znanij v Rossii // Uchjonye zapiski RANHiGS. - 2017. - № 1. - S. 129-130.
Sadovnichij V.A. Mezhdunarodnyj rejting vuzov ne otrazhaet urovnja obrazovanija [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://ria.ru/20120917/752274148.html
Seljanskaja G.N. Smart-universitet – otvet na vyzovy novoj promyshlennoj revoljucii // KJe. - 2015. - № 9.
Starkova E.V. Dostupnost' vysshego obrazovanija: ocenka jekspertov // ZhISP. - 2006. - № 2.
Terent'ev E., Maloshonok N. Zashhita dlja aspirantury // Vedomosti. – 15 janvarja 2019 g. – S. 7; Tambovtsev V.L. The scientific BASIS the higher education reforms. ¬¬– Vestnik OmGU. Serija “Jekonomika”, 2015. - №2. - S. 66-70.
Federal'naja sluzhba gosudarstvennoj statistiki. Oficial'nyj sajt [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.gks.ru
Chujkov A. Vnebjudzhetnaja nauchnaja fantastika // Argumenty nedeli. – 30 avgusta 2018 g. – S. 8.
Shevchenko N.N. Obrazovatel'noe prostranstvo Rossii v uslovijah mirovoj globalizacii. Dostizhenija vuzovskoj nauki 2018. Sbornik statej II Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo konkursa : v 2 ch. - 2018. – S. 202-206.
Schuster J.H., Finkelstein M.J. The American Faculty: The Restructuring of Academic Work and Careers. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
Education at a Glance 2018 / Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2018_eag-2018-en
QS World University Rankings [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings
The Times Higher Education World University Rankings [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings
http://ege.hse.ru/data/2018/12/28/1292388068//Budget_admission_12_2018_2.pdf
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Odegov, Y. G., & Garnov, A. P. (2019). The Reform of Russian Education: Problems. Results. Prospects. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 15(3), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10071
Section
ECONOMIC RESEARCH
