Factors of Poverty of Families with Children and Prospects of Its Reduction
How to Cite
Yelizarov V.V., Sinitsa A.L. Factors of Poverty of Families with Children and Prospects of Its Reduction. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2019. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 63-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10065 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The authors consider the data of Rosstat, which characterize the poverty of households and families with children in the country as a whole. The analysis was carried out taking into account the demographic characteristics of families and households, since they have a significant impact on poverty rates. The expenditures of families and households with children, income and its purchasing power of families with children, features of employment and unemployment of women with children, and living conditions of families with children are considered.The Object of the Study are families with children.The Subject of the Study is the poverty of families with children.The Purpose of the Study. Study of indicators on living conditions of families with children, and determining the main factors of poverty.The Main Provisions of the Article. Families with children are one of the most needy groups of the population, since their income is usually not sufficient to maintain an acceptable standard of living. Families with children make up the majority of all the poor.In recent years, the poverty of families with children has increased in many ways (for example, the number of poor families and their share among all poor people has increased, their income deficit has risen, irrespective of the fact that the employment of women with children in pre-school age has also increased). This indicates the lack of progress in addressing this important social problem, such as reducing poverty in families with children.The article highlights the main factors that hinder the improvement of living standards for families with children.The most important factor is the number of children in the family, as well as their age. There are more poor people in the families with a large number of children and families with children under the age of three. This is partly due to the low level of development of the network of preschool institutions, as well as to low incomes, since in such families women's employment is low. The second important factor is the fact of living in rural areas, where the birth rate is higher and the quality of life is lower. The third factor is the number of adults in the family (including those who are older than working age) who have incomes. The poverty of families with children is primarily influenced by demographic factors, the significance of which is especially high caused by low wages and small amounts of state benefits.The study will provide a better understanding of the nature and consequences of poverty of families with children in regions with different socioeconomic indicators and develop a differentiated system of measures aimed at improving their standard of living, taking into account these differences, including taking into account regional features. Further studies of the factors and extent of poverty will help to objectively assess the possibilities of influencing various factors and, in fact, the prospects for reducing poverty.
Keywords:
poverty, a low income, poor households, families with children, family policy, social policy, social support, a subsistence minimum
References
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Defitsit dokhodov domashnikh khozyaistv v srednem na chlena maloimushchego domokhozyaistva. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-8.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Defitsit dokhodov domashnikh khozyaistv s det'mi v vozraste do 16 (18) let. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-4.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Dolya detei v vozraste do 16 (18) let, prozhivayushchikh v domashnikh khozyaistvakh so srednedushevymi denezhnymi dokhodami nizhe velichiny prozhitochnogo minimuma. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-2.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Dolya domokhozyaistv (v tom chisle domokhozyaistv s det'mi do 18 let, prozhivayushchikh v domokhozyaistvakh), imeyushchikh dostup k istochnikam vody bolee vysokogo kachestva, k uluchshennym sanitarno-tekhnicheskim sredstvam, ispytyvayushchikh znachitel'nuyu stesnennost' pri prozhivanii v svoem zhilom pomeshchenii. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-13.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
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Elizarov V.V., Sinitsa A.L. Bednost' semei s det'mi: problemy opredeleniya i izmereniya, regional'nye osobennosti // Uroven' zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii. 2018. № 2. S. 24-33.
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Itogi vyborochnogo obsledovaniya rabochei sily. 2017 god. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/bul_dr/trud/ors-2017-all.rar. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Mirovaya statistika zdravookhraneniya. 2010 god. Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya: Zheneva, 2010. 177 s.
Okhvat detei v vozraste 1-6 let doshkol'nym obrazovaniem. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/2-10.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Okhvat detei v vozraste 4-6 let doshkol'nym obrazovaniem. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/2-11.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Potreblenie osnovnykh produktov pitaniya. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-11.xls. (date of visit: 07.05.2019)
Rabochaya sila, zanyatost' i bezrabotitsa v Rossii (po rezul'tatam vyborochnykh obsledovanii rabochei sily). M.: Rosstat, 2016. 146 s.
Raspredelenie domashnikh khozyaistv, imeyushchikh detei v vozraste do 16 (18) let, po stepeni udovletvorennosti svoim finansovym polozheniem (2011-2014). [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-9.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Raspredelenie domashnikh khozyaistv, imeyushchikh detei v vozraste do 16 (18) let, po stepeni udovletvorennosti svoim finansovym polozheniem (2015-2016). [Electronic resource]. URL: www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-10.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Raspredelenie naseleniya po vozrastno-polovym gruppam. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/bednost/tabl/2-11.doc (date of visit: 07.05.2019)
Raspredelenie chislennosti maloimushchikh domashnikh khozyaistv v zavisimosti ot mesta prozhivaniya. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/bednost/tabl/2-08.doc. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Raspredelenie chislennosti maloimushchikh domashnikh khozyaistv v zavisimosti ot razmera i nalichiya detei. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/bednost/tabl/2-09.doc. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Sostav pishchevykh veshchestv i kaloriinost' potreblennykh produktov pitaniya. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-12.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Srednemesyachnaya nominal'naya nachislennaya zarabotnaya plata rabotnikov po polnomu krugu organizatsii v tselom po ekonomike po sub"ektam RF za 2000-2017gg. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/trud/sr-zarplata/t4.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
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Ukaz Prezidenta RF «O natsional'nykh tselyakh i strategicheskikh zadachakh razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii na period do 2024 goda» №204 ot 7 maya 2018 g. [Electronic resource]. URL:http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/43027 (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Uroven' bezrabotitsy zhenshchin v vozraste 20-49 let, imeyushchikh detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta (0-6 let). [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-23.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Uroven' bezrabotitsy zhenshchin v vozraste 20-49 let, imeyushchikh detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta, po vozrastu mladshego rebenka. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-17.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Uroven' zanyatosti zhenshchin v vozraste 20-49 let, imeyushchikh detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta (0-6 let). [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-22.xlsx. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Uroven' zanyatosti zhenshchin v vozraste 20-49 let, imeyushchikh detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta, po vozrastu mladshego rebenka. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-16.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislennost' detei v vozraste do 16(18) let, na kotorykh naznacheno ezhemesyachnoe posobie. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/1-5.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislennost' postoyannogo naseleniya - zhenshchin po vozrastu na 1 yanvarya (chelovek). [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/33459. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislo mnogodetnykh semei, poluchivshikh zhilye pomeshcheniya i uluchshivshie zhilishchnye usloviya v otchetnom godu. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-30.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislo mnogodetnykh semei, sostoyashchikh na uchete v kachestve nuzhdayushchikhsya v zhilishchnykh pomeshcheniyakh na konets goda. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-29.xls. date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislo molodykh semei, sostoyashchikh na uchete v kachestve nuzhdayushchikhsya v zhilykh pomeshcheniyakh i uluchshivshikh zhilishchnye usloviya v otchetnom godu. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-28.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Chislo molodykh semei, sostoyashchikh na uchete v kachestve nuzhdayushchikhsya v zhilykh pomeshcheniyakh na konets goda. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/family/7-27.xls. (date of visit: 07.04.2019)
Jäntti M., Danziger S. Child Poverty in Sweden and the United States: The Effect of Social Transfers and Parental Labor Force Participation // Industrial & Labor Relations Review. 1994. Т. 48. № 1. P. 48-64.
Tamborini C.R., Cupito E. Social Insurance and Children: The Relationship between Social Security, Economic Well-Being, and Family Context among Child Recipients. Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, 2012.
Van Lancker W., Van Mechelen N. Universalism under siege? Exploring the association between targeting, child benefits and child poverty across 26 countries. Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp, 2014.
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APA
Yelizarov, V. V., & Sinitsa, A. L. (2019). Factors of Poverty of Families with Children and Prospects of Its Reduction. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 15(2), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10065
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ECONOMIC RESEARCH
