Labour migration in the border region according to online recruitment data (based on the materials of Amur Region)
Research Article
Acknowledgments
The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-011-00526А
How to Cite
Alkhasov S.S., Ryazantsev S.V. Labour migration in the border region according to online recruitment data (based on the materials of Amur Region). Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2021. Vol. 17. No. 4. P. 431-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.4.1 (in Russ.).
Abstract
Amur Region (also named Amur Oblast) is a border region of Russia, characterized by socio-economic disadvantages (low standard of living, high prices) and unfavorable climatic conditions in part of the territory. Major projects in the field of construction, transportation, industrial production, fuel, and energy are being implemented in this region: the Vostochny Cosmodrome, the Amur Gas Processing Plant, etc. Territories of accelerated socioeconomic development (the Russian acronym is TOR) are being created. The regional government is making efforts to increase the investment attractiveness of the region, which is of interest to the business communities of neighboring countries. We formulate the portrait of a typical potential migrant worker who is ready to relocate to work in the Amur Region. According to the data of Internet recruitment, we show that the migration inflow prevails for the purpose of rotational basis (temporary) work. We identify the most significant donor regions, popular industries, and median salary expectations of potential migrant workers. We pay attention to the fact that the salaries of rotational basis workers are, on average, noticeably higher than the salaries of the local population: it becomes an additional factor of social tension. The incomes of rotational basis workers increase the values of regional average salaries, but in reality, this money does not remain inside Amur Region. Disproportions in the labour market are one more factor in the growth of inequality in the region, which additionally provokes the outflow of the local population from the region. Accordingly, the implementation of large-scale construction and fuel and energy projects in its current form is unable to overcome negative demographic trends, because it cannot individually solve the complex problems of socio-economic development of the Russian Amur river region. Social programs, such as «Zemsky Teacher» and «Zemsky Doctor», are not of a systematic nature. Ultimately, the social sector continues to degrade and does not receive a meaningful inflow of new highly qualified specialists (doctors, teachers, scientists, etc.) from outside.
Keywords:
Amur Region, Far East, labour migration, immigration, rotational basis work, Internet recruitment, spatial development
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2. Avdeev Yu.A. Dal’niy Vostok: kak ostanovit’ ottok naseleniya i sdelat’ yego privlekatel’nym? (polemicheskiye razmyshleniya) [Far East: how to stop the outflow of people and make it attractive? (polemical reflections)]. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2021. Vol. 17. No. 3. P. 299-313. DOI: 10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.3.1 (In Russ.).
3. Alkhasov S.S. Model’ transgranichnoy migratsii iz stran Tsentral’noy Azii v Rossiyu [A model of cross-border migration from Central Asian countries to Russia]. Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law. 2021. Nо. 2. Р. 120-130. DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2021-2-11 (In Russ.).
4. Alkhasov S.S., Ryazantsev S.V. Potentsial’naya trudovaya migratsionnaya mobil’nost’ v prigranichnom regione Yuga Rossii po dannym internet-rekrutmenta (na primere Rostovskoy oblasti) [Potential labour migration mobility in a frontier region of the south of Russia according to data of internet recruitment (the example of Rostov region)]. CITISE. 2020. No. 4 (26). P. 465-481. DOI: 10.15350/2409-7616.2020.4.40 (In Russ.).
5. Borisova O.V. Ugrozy sotsial’noy bezopasnosti naseleniya prigranichnogo regiona Rossii (na primere Amurskoy oblasti) [Threats to social security of the population of the border region of Russia (for example of the Amur region)]. Social Integration and Development of Ethnic Cultures in the Eurasian Space. 2019. Vol. 2. No. 8. P. 148-153. (In Russ.).
6. Vasilyeva A.V. Statisticheskiy analiz trudovoy sostavlyayushchey konkurentosposobnosti Amurskoy oblasti [Statistical analysis of the labour component of the competitiveness of the Amur region]. Statistics and Economics. 2019. Vol. 16. No. 5. P. 31-46. DOI: 10.21686/2500-3925-2019-5-31-46 (In Russ.).
7. Vorobieva O.D., Subbotin A.A. Istoricheskiye aspekty i sovremennyye osobennosti vnutrenney migratsii naseleniya v Rossii [Historical aspects and modern features of internal migration in Russia]. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2021. Vol. 17. No. 1. P. 32-41. DOI: 10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.1.3 (In Russ.).
8. Gaynanov D.A., Ulyaeva A.G. Vnutriregional’naya migratsiya kak faktor usileniya aglomeratsionnykh protsessov [Intraregional migration as a factor of strengthening of agglomeration processes]. Scientific Review. Economic Sciences. 2017. No. 5. P. 5-13. (In Russ.).
9. Gorbunova A.A., Borisova O.V., Maksimova S.G. Sotsial’naya bezopasnost’ prigranichnykh regionov Rossii [Social security of the border regions of Russia]. Politika i Obshchestvo. 2019. No. 1. P. 36-45. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2019.1.28634 (In Russ.).
10. Dagdanova A.O. Ossobennosti realizatsii programmy “Zemskiy uchitel’” v Respublike Buryatiya [Peculiarities of implementation of the programme “Zemsky Teacher” in the Republic of Buryatia]. Education quality assessment from design to practice: materials of All-Russian scientific-practical conference (Ulan-Ude, December 2020). Ulan-Ude: Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2021. P. 84-88 (In Russ.).
11. Lysenko O.V., Tezikov N.L., Monogarova L.I., Matytsina Ye.G. Dinamika demograficheskikh protsessov v Amurskoy oblasti v 2012–2016 gg. [Dynamics of Demographic Development in the Amur Region in 2012–2016]. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2017. No. 2 (204). P. 9-15. (In Russ.).
12. Reymer V.V., Ulezko A.V., Tiutiunikov A.A. Prognoz razvitiya sel’skogo khozyaystva Amurskoy oblasti [Forecast of the agricultural development for the Amur region]. Polythematic Online Scientific Journal of Kuban State Agrarian University. 2015. No. 114. P. 1272-1290. (In Russ.).
13. Rychkova Ye.S., Bal’tsezhak M.S., Belkina A.Ye. Problemy obespecheniya trudovymi resursami territoriy operezhayushchego razvitiya Amurskoy oblasti [The problems of ensuring labour resources for the territories of advances development of the Amur region]. Bulletin of the Amur State University. Series: Natural and Economic Sciences. 2018. No. 81. P. 124-130. (In Russ.).
14. Ryazantsev S.V., Lukyanets A.S., Khramova M.N., Bui Tuan Quang, Huy Vu Quoc Migratsiya naseleniya kak klyuchevoy komponent demograficheskogo razvitiya rossiyskogo Dal’nego Vostoka [Migration as a key component of the demographic development of the Russian Far East]. Scientific Review. Series 1: Economics and Law. 2016. No. 3. P. 23-32. (In Russ.).
15. Sabynina O., Doroshenko O. Realizatsiya programmy «Zemskiy uchitel’» v Kurskoy oblasti v 2020 godu: opyt, problemy i perspektivy [Implementation of the «Village Teacher» program in the Kursk Region in 2020: experience, problems and prospects]. Pedagogicheskiy poisk. 2021. No. 5. P. 19-22. (In Russ.).
16. Talanov S.L., Kushnarev F.Yu., Berezin D.T. Otnosheniye studentov vuzov k professii uchitel’ i programme «Zemskiy uchitel’» [Attitude of students of pedagogical universities and classical universities to the future profession of a teacher and to the program «Zemsky (Rural) Teacher»]. Social’nye i gumanitarnye znanija. 2019. Vol. 5. No. 3 (19). P. 224-243. (In Russ.).
17. Fomin M.V., Bezverbny V.A., Seleznev I.A., Lukashenko E.A., Mikryukov N.Y., Miriazov T.R. Prostranstvennoye razvitiye regionov Priamur’ya: sotsial’nyy aspekt [Spatial Development of the Amur River Regions: Social Aspect]. Far Eastern Affairs. 2021. No. 3. P. 160-174. DOI: 10.31857/s013128120015435-9 (In Russ.).
18. Yurchenko N.Yu., Kulov O.V. Problemy i perspektivy formirovaniya i razvitiya toplivno-energeticheskogo kompleksa Dal’nevostochnogo federal’nogo okruga [Problems and prospects of the formation and development of the fuel and energy complex of the Far Eastern federal district]. Innovation and Investment. 2020. No. 5. P. 308-313. (In Russ.).
Article
Received: 10.08.2021
Accepted: 03.12.2021
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Alkhasov, S. S., & Ryazantsev, S. V. (2021). Labour migration in the border region according to online recruitment data (based on the materials of Amur Region). Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 17(4), 431-441. https://doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.4.1
Section
SOCIAL DEMOGRAPHY (ECONOMIC RESEARCH)
