Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors
Research Article
How to Cite
Miryazov T.R. Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2021. Vol. 17. No. 4. P. 442-453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.4.2 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article deals with the current demographic, economic, social, and environmental problems of three districts of the Irkutsk Region, which are part of the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory. The study was conducted using statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, articles and monographs on the topic under consideration, data from sociological surveys, mass media, and information obtained during a scientific expedition to Lake Baikal, in which the author participated. The socio-economic development of municipalities within the boundaries of the Central Ecological Zone of Lake Baikal remains difficult due to environmental legislation that restricts the economic development of the territory. The inability to fully use land resources provokes the local population to migrate. Tourism is one of the few economic activities permitted in the coastal area of the Lake Baikal. Despite the growing number of tourists visiting the region every year, the weak level of economic diversification of the municipalities threatens the prospects for sustainable socio-economic development. The region risks losing most of its revenue in the event of political, economic, or epidemiological shocks. The development of other types of economic activities will contribute to the socio-economic security of the areas under consideration. This is also influenced by the demographic potential of the territory – the employment of local residents and the training of personnel will allow us to effectively implement alternative directions of economic development. It is also important to develop other types of economic activities in connection with the negative impact of tourists on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal. The revision of the approaches to the economic, social, and environmental policies carried out in the region is an urgent task today
Keywords:
Baikal natural territory, Irkutsk Oblast, tourism, economic security, environmental restrictions, economic activity, sustainable development
References
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2. Vikhoreva M. V., Yakovleva N. V. Demographic aspect of economic security of the region. Izvestiya Baikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Baikal State University. 2020. Volume 30. No. 1. P. 30-39. DOI 10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).30-39. (In Russ.).
3. Goltsova E. V. Settlement environment of the Irkutsk region and its impact on the demographic behavior of the population. Bulletin of Baikal State University. 2012. No. 6. P. 108-112. (In Russ.).
4. Gurlev I.V. Why is the «Sacred Baikal» not being cleansed? The Authority. 2019. No. 6. P. 187-195 (In Russ).
5. Dashpilov, Ts. B. Analysis of transport impact on recreational development in the Central Environmental Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory of Irkutsk Region and its cartography. Servis v Rossii i za rubezhom [Services in Russia and Abroad]. Vol. 13. No 3. P. 115- 124. DOI: 10.24411/1995-042X-2019-10309. (In Russ).
6. Evstropyeva O. V., Bardash A.V., Budaeva D. G. Methodological approaches to tourist and recreational differentiation of territories with special conditions of use. Service and tourism: Current Challenges. 2019. Vol. 13. No. 1. P. 7-21. DOI: 10.24411/1995-0411-2019-10102. (In Russ.).
7. Evstropyeva O.V., Popov P.L., Chernov A.A. The use of land resources on Lake Baikal: tourism and population (on the example of the Slyudyansky district of the Irkutsk region). Vlast'. 2020. No. 1. 70-76. DOI: 10.31171/vlast.v28i1.7044 (In Russ.).
8. Zabelina I.A., Delyuga A.V., Zabelina N.I. Economic development and environmental pressure in Russian regions: a spatial analysis. Herald of Omsk University. Series «Economics». 2019. Vol. 17. No. 3. P. 135-149. DOI: 10.25513/1812-3988.2019.17(3).135-149 (In Russ.).
9. Zorkaltsev V.I., Kuznetsova A.N., Sysoeva N.M. Ecological problems of Baikal. 2018. No. 4. P. 159-175. (In Russ.).
10. Kondakova M. O. Demographic waves of the Irkutsk region and their consequences. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2014. №6 (100). P.130-133. (In Russ.).
11. Pelyanichko E. S., Yastrebov K. L. Problems of the demographic situation in the Irkutsk region. Bulletin of the IrSTU. 2013. №8 (79). P. 293-303 (In Russ.).
12. Potapova E.V., Sukhodolov Ya.A. Harmonization of Recreational Opportunities and the Growing Tourist Flow in Baikal Nature Reserve Area. Izvestiya Baikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Baikal State University. 2019. Vol. 29. No. 1. P. 7-17. DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(1).7-17. (In Russ.). (In Russ.).
13. Seleznev I. A., Mikryukov N. Yu., Miryazov T. R. Sociological analysis of problems of spatial development (on the example of the regions of Western and Eastern Siberia). Scientific Review. Series 2. Human sciences. 2020. No. 6. P. 5-23. DOI: 10.26653/2076-4685-2020-6-01. (In Russ.).
14. Semenov M. A. Clusters of the Irkutsk region: problems and prospects of development. M.A. Semenov, A.P. Kazmin. Irkutsk: Publishing House of IRSTU. 2007. 236 p. (In Russ.).
15. Khovavko I.Yu. On the problems of the Baikal region in the context of modern Russian environmental policy. Public administration. E-Journal. 2018. No. 69. P. 358-380 (In Russ.).
16. Sumanapala D., Wolf I. D. Recreational ecology: Research review and gap analysis. Environments. 2019. Vol. 6. No. 7. P. 81. DOI: 10.3390/environments6070081.
17. Zakrisson A., Sandell K., Friedman P., Eckerberg K. Tourism and protected areas: motives, actors and processes. International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management 2006. Vol. 2. No. 4. P. 350-358. DOI: 10.1080/17451590609618156.
Article
Received: 17.06.2021
Accepted: 03.12.2021
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Miryazov, T. R. (2021). Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 17(4), 442-453. https://doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.4.2
Section
SOCIAL DEMOGRAPHY (ECONOMIC RESEARCH)
