The phenomenon of conscious childlessness in the conditions of transformation of family and marriage relations

One of the modern trends of Russian society is the conscious refusal of childbearing, called conscious childlessness, which is gaining popularity at the present time. The transformation of the institution of the family and family-marriage relations contributes to the revision of traditional family values, which inevitably lead to the emergence of a system of individual values with the possibility of personal self-realization, forming in people's minds stable ideas about the decline in the social significance of the values of childbearing and parenthood, associated, among other things, with significant changes in the gender display, determining the nature and extent of conscious rejection of childbearing by gender, revealing the extent of the spread of this social phenomenon in the conditions of modern society. In many ways, this is facilitated by the level of education of modern women, who, along with men, have equal opportunities to achieve a high level of professional and career growth, forming stable ideas about the importance of personal self-realization over the value of childbearing, which entails a serious transformation of the reproductive behavior of a modern woman focused on giving up having children. At the same time, the nature of social attitudes and the motivation of conscious childlessness have pronounced individual characteristics and depend on the value preferences of the individual. The purpose of this study is caused by a serious scientific interest in the problem of conscious childlessness in modern conditions, which is the result of deep transformational processes in the field of family and marriage relations. In accordance with this goal, the following tasks are set: to analyze the value system that influences the formation of the phenomenon of conscious childlessness in modern conditions; to consider the main reasons for the conscious refusal of childbearing; to identify the degree of influence of professional growth of a person on the choice of conscious childlessness at the present stage. It should be noted that the phenomenon of conscious childlessness does not always cause negative emotions on the part of society, forming a loyal attitude to childless families, as a manifestation of a certain social norm reflecting the new format of family and marriage relations in the conditions of transformation of the institution of the modern family.